PR0UTIA EPPINGELLA. 297 



material for differentiating the cases of P. betulina and P. eppingella is 

 scanty. Both appear to vary much both in the materials and in the 

 closeness or looseness with which they are applied. P. betulina appears 

 to clothe its case with material that is more flatly applied to the case. 

 A case (without imago, but with $ pupa-case protruding) from Mr. 

 Mitford, placed in the Stephensian collection at the British Museum 

 as P. salicolella, has the materials very openly arranged, so that the 

 case looks exceedingly like that of a miniature C. unicolor when that 

 species uses bilberry leaves loosely applied. The materials appear to 

 be bits of dead leaves, and make the case nearly as broad as long 

 (Chapman) . 



Pupa.— Male (description made from one specimen) : Smaller than 

 P. betulina, shows the (generic?) character of Proutia (as compared with 

 Fumea) of the cheeks descending only to the level of the end of labrum, 

 maxillary apex sharp rather than rounded. It projects from case to 5th 

 abdominal segment, which is partially exposed. Length 4 , 5mm,- 

 5mm. ; two basi-antennal hairs, a face hair above labrum and two, as 

 usual, on either side of labrum ; antennae and second legs to four-fifths 

 wing, 1st legs to three-fifths, 1st femur to one-fourth ; labrum twice 

 length of maxillae, widening and dividing into two lobes at end ; 

 bristles i, ii, iii, iv, v, vi, vii, all distinct on abdominal segments, where 

 their positions are exposed ; second abdominal spiracles nearly, if not 

 quite, covered by hindwing ; this segment broadens anteriorly 

 markedly ; 4-8 carry anterior dorsal spines, weaker in front, but also 

 wider (i.e., more numerous), stronger, and on a higher base backwards, 

 so that the ridge they stand on is more important than the spines 

 themselves ; the points of the posterior (intersegmental) hooks are very 

 distinct on 4, 5, 6, 7 ; a subspiracular depression at anterior margin of 

 segment and a pit lower, towards posterior part of segment, indicate 

 the flange on 4, 5,6,7; proleg marks strong ; anal hook well developed, 

 the actual points being directed ventrally and even somewhat forwards. 

 Female (dehisced): 4-8mm. in length, is without the head-cover (which is 

 attached to imago). What remains is very similar to Fumea in the 

 opened anterior portion ; the wings adhere to their position, but the 

 mesothorax (-|) is separated from metathorax and from its fellow of 

 the opposite side, and is curled inwards a little and sets forward at the 

 middle line (posteriorly) from the metathorax ; the prothoracic piece 

 adheres to this posteriorly (in middle line) but is set forward anteriorly, 

 the pro- and mesothoracic pieces thus making a zigzag forwards ; the 

 dorsal head-piece is a very minute scrap set well forwards in front of 

 a well-developed intersegmental piece ; the leg-pieces are set forward in 

 front, their anterior border forming a nearly complete ring at front of 

 the pupa-case ; the rest of the case is cylindrical and hardly begins to 

 taper on 7th abdominal segment, but does so rapidly on 8, 9, 10 ; 

 anterior dorsal hooks on 4, 5, 6, 7 ; posterior on 3, 4, 5, 6, they point 

 well forwards (when segments are stretched) , and are very fine and sharp ; 

 no anal hooks ; the usual hairs are present as in $■ ; there are four 

 depressions below spiracle, one at anterior and one at posterior border 

 of segment, a third directly below spiracle, and a smaller one between 

 all these ; the first two and spiracle form nearly an equilateral triangle, 

 the first three a similar triangle inverted ; proleg scars marked ; 

 hindwing does not quite cover 1st abdominal spiracle. The 

 curious arrangement, by which in Psychids the incision between 



