298 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



abdominal segments 2-3 is free dorsally, and fixed ventrally, is well shown 

 in this specimen. What looks like the posterior border of the 2nd, runs 

 laterally into the middle of 3rd. A second glance suggests an exaggerated 

 form of the anterior widening of 2, which obtains in $ . This is not 

 so, as the true line of division is in direct line below (but fixed). The 

 actual fact is that the intersegmental membrane, 2-3, which is 

 movable dorsally, divides here, and sends a branch into middle of 3 

 below spiracle, i.e., a portion, ordinarily of stiff chitin on flank of 

 segment, is here on 3 limp and of the usual intersegmental structure. 

 The wings are attached to end of 1st abdominal, the 3rd tarsi beyond 

 them reach posterior margin of 2. Passing forward, in middle line, 

 we meet, at fairly equal distances, and on a level with wing-tips, the 3rd 

 femora, 2nd legs, 1st legs, 1st femora, then would come the labial 

 palpi which are missing (attached to imago). Longitudinal impressed 

 lines on venter of 8 and of 10 very strong ; obsolete spiracles of 8 very 

 prominent ; hairs dorsally on 8 and 9, two on either side, none on 10. 

 The face-piece is very like that of P. betulina 2 , with a wide labium, 

 the conjoint 4-lobed maxillae and labium (with the pale central spot), 

 two labral and one supra-labral bristles on either side ; jaws pro- 

 nounced (Chapman). 



Dehiscence.— The pupal dehiscence is as in P. betulina ; the head 

 and leg-parts separate in one piece, but remain nearly in place by 

 inner coverings of 3rd legs, which retain their tarsal ends in situ 

 between wing tips ; splits down back to not quite posterior margin of 

 mesothorax ; dorsal head-piece a very definite little scrap ; the pro- 

 thorax extended tandem on either side in front of mesothorax. 



Foodplant. — ? Lichens growing on sallow and willow trunks. 



Time of appearance. — Larvae (fullfed) June 9th, 1891, in Epping 

 Forest, near Theydon Bois, imagines bred June 28th-29th (Prout). 

 [The male salicolella bred June 23rd, 1859, from Hampstead Heath 

 cases, by Tompkins, was possibly P. betulina.'] 



Habits and Habitat. — Practically unknown. Prout found the 

 three cases, from which the $ and $ that we have described were 

 bred, on an old lichen-covered willow-trunk in Epping Forest near 

 Theydon Bois. We doubt very much whether the bark-covered cases 

 found on buckthorn on Hampstead Heath by Tompkins, and afterwards 

 by Mitford on birch, can be referred to this species, but rather suspect 

 they belonged to P. betulina. 



Localities. — Essex: Epping Forest near Theydon Bois (Prout). [Possibly 

 the following belong to P. betulina — Middlesex : Bishop's Wood (Baldwin teste 

 Barrett), Hampstead Heath (Tompkins). Surrey : West Wickham (Tompkins), 

 Mickleham (Mitford)] . 



Distribution. — Unknown. Staudinger sent Chapman a Continental example 

 from France but without further data or more definite locality. 



Subfam. : Fumeinae. 

 Tribe : Fumeidi. 

 The Fumeas proper consist only of the few species whose 

 males have scaled pectinations to the antennae, whose females 

 emerge from the puparium, whilst the pupal skin is retained within it, 

 the female laying her eggs in the latter; the male, pupa partially 

 emerging from the case and being provided with two ventro-anal 

 spikes ; the larva forming a case composed of silk with a few 

 small pieces of grass-culms placed parallel to each other, and in the 



