304 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



upper wings makes it impossible to confound comitella with its allies. The wings a 

 little less rounded and proportionately more elongated than crassiorella, the 

 antennas feebly pectinated as in salicolella, &c. The female is very similar to that 

 of crassiorella, but it is a little smaller, a little less hairy and of a less vinous tint 

 (some examples of comitella, however, also have this tint, but it is then uniform, 

 whilst in crassiorella it exists more particularly on the sides and in the incisions). 

 The legs of crassiorella are blacker than those of comitella, the dorsal shields are 

 also darker in the former than the latter ; lastly the silky anal tuft is paler in 

 crassiorella (Bruand, Mon. des Psychides, p. 96). 



This species much resembles B. reticulatella. It has a more solid 

 aspect than that species, the reticulations are more confined to the 

 apical portion of the wings, the costa is rather straighter, and the usual 

 tint is much darker. It is generally possible to distinguish several 

 rows of pale spots parallel with the hind margin and a darker shade 

 occupying the distal margin of the cell. The most certain characters 

 by which to recognise it are the tibial spur length of '61 --62, and the 

 20-jointed antenna (Chapman). Food-plant: Bruand says that the 

 larvas live on the lichens of old dwarf sallows, that they are to be found 

 at the same time as P. salicolella, sometimes even on the same tree. 

 Case : The case is composed of short straws, placed longitudinally, but 

 less regularly than in crassiorella and mixed with small pieces of bark. 

 Larva: The larva is dirty-yellow, or pale brown, not vinous, with 

 three lateral streaks, very marked on the anterior segments, and 

 almost obliterated on the 4th (1st abdominal). These streaks are 

 black on the 1st segment, blackish-brown on the 2nd, and quite 

 feeble on the 3rd. For the rest, even on the 1st segment the two 

 upper streaks alone are well marked, the lower is much less intense 

 and sometimes broken on the 1st segment. Between the first and 

 second streaks, is a little round point, black on the two anterior seg- 

 ments, less marked on those following. The head corneous, shining, 

 of the same colour as the body, with three longitudinal lines on each 

 cheek ; the upper of these lines is very slender and descends almost to 

 the mandibles, the two lower are shorter, more pointed at the extremity, 

 and thicker at the base (against the edge of the first segment). 

 Between the two cheeks two other rather finer lines run from the 

 summit of the head (where they unite into a rather sharp point) down 

 to the mandibles, thus forming an elongated triangle. Comparison 

 with larva of M. crassiorella : This larva differs from that of crassiorella in 

 its ground colour and streaks being less vinous, by the absence of one 

 of the intermediate points, by a greater development of the longitudinal 

 streaks, and by the markings on the head. Pupa : Yellow-brown with 

 a blunt anal end. Time of appearance : The eggs hatch in June, the 

 larvae hybernate small, in the deep crannies and among the moss on 

 the willow stems. They are full-grown from May 15th-20th, pupate 

 at end of month, the imago emerging from June 10th to 20th. 

 France: Besancon (Bruand). 



Brtjandia norvegica, Schoyen. — Synonymy. Norvegica, Schoyen, "Nyt 

 Mag. f. Naturv.," 1880, p. 303; Heyl., " Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg." xxv., p. 73 (1881) ; 

 " C,-B. Soc. Ent. Belg.," xxvi., p. cxl (1882) ; " Bom. Mem.," ii., p. 7 (1885) ; 

 Lampa, •' Ent. Tids.," 1885, p. 39. Nitidella, Schneid., "Enum, Ins. Norv.," iii., 

 p. 36 (1876). Oeiginal descbiption. Fumea norvegica. Mas : F. crassiorellae, 

 Brd., similis; non brunneo- sed griseo-fuscus, fere murinus; alis anterioribus 

 elongatis, angulo externo rotundato, posterioribus latioribus, rotundatis, squamulis 

 teneribus griseis obtectis. Capite parvo, omnino dense laete griseo-hirto ; pseudo- 

 palpis brevibus griseis ; antennis griseis ad apicem bipectinatis, 20-articulatis, ciliis 

 longioribus ; thorace abdomineque dense griseo-hirto ; abdominis ultimo segmento 



