310 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



Variation. — This large Fumeid would appear to be somewhat 

 variable, but it is not at all clear that the forms referred hereto really 

 all belong to one species, nor is it at all certain that our British 

 specimens (with 22 antennal joints) are identical with the large typical 

 M. crassiorella (with 24 antennal joints) ov affinis (also with 24 antennal 

 joints). Chapman notes affinis, Eeutti (received from Staudinger), 

 as being "smaller than M. crassiorella, more densely scaled, with a tibial 

 formula of # 70, and, except the denser scaling, unable to find anything 

 to prevent it being considered a var. of crassiorella." He further 

 considers that Hofmann's description of affinis in the Berl. Zeitschri/t, 

 1860, p. 33, is clearly of the form close to M. crassiorella, and observes 

 that Hofmann gives nitidella 16, and affinis 21, antennal joints, clearly 

 meaning 18 and 23 (or 24 more probably) and ignoring the two hidden 

 basal joints close to head. Teich notes that in the Baltic provinces 21. 

 crassiorella is the darkest Fumea known to him, whilst Chapman says 

 that the Dalmatian specimens in Constant's collection under the name 

 of affinis are almost black in colour. 



a. var. affinis (? sp. dist.), Keutti, " Lep. Bad.," 1st ed., p. 174 (1853) ; 2nd ed., 

 p. 306(1898); Spey., " Geog. Verb. Schrnett.," ii., p. 280 (1862) ; Hofrn., " Berl. 

 Ent. Zeits.," iv., p. 33 (I860) ; Nick., " Lotos," xi., p. 155 (1861) ; Wilde, " Pflanz. 

 Eaup. Deutsch.," ii., p. 78 (1861) ; Staud. and Wocke, " Cat.," lsted.,p. 28 (1861); 

 2nd ed., p. 65 (1871); ?Tur., "Bull. Soc. Ent. It.,"xi., p. 171 (1879); Frey, "Mitt. 

 Schw. Ent. Ges.," vii., p. 18 (1884) ; Schmid, " C.-B. Nat. Ver. Kegensb.," xxxix., 

 p. 85 (Sep. p. 36) (1885) ; Teich, " Arb. Nat. Ver. Biga," N.F. vi., p. 20 (1889) ; 

 Lutz., "K.-B. Biga," xxxix., no. 51 (1896). — ? <? *. Larger, and with more pointed 

 apex to forewings (than intermediella), grey in colour, not glossy; fringes shiny, 

 of the colour of the forewings. ? . 4 J'" long. Head yellow, reddish spotted, 

 hairy; antennae wholly clear yellow, shorter than preceding (intermediella). Dorsal 

 plates yellow, shiny, the first clear, the two others spotted with red, all on both 

 sides above anteriorly with dark reddish bosses. Legs yellow, somewhat hairy. 

 Abdomen dirty yellow, scaled, dorsal spots reddish-brown, often reddish in the 

 incisions; the two. penultimate segments strongly covered with grey scales dorsally, 

 therefore dull ; the remaining segments somewhat shining ; anal tuft yellow, with 

 silky gloss ; the ovipositor yellow, shaded with reddish, joints not so distinctly 

 visible as in preceding, the venter also bears very narrow, linear transverse spots. 

 Sometimes the two hindmost dorsal plates are browner, and the other dorsal spots 

 divided longitudinally. The ? s emerged July 3rdf (Eeutti). 



* Eeutti himself queries the male as belonging to the ? he describes, but in 

 the 2nd ed. of Eeutti's Catalogue the species is made synonymous with crassiorella, 

 Bruand. 



f Hofmann gives a much better description. He notes : " The males of affinis 

 are larger (6-7 lines in expanse), and the abdomen and wings brighter brown, than 

 in nitidella. The forewings are more elongate, the apex more pointed, darker 

 coloured than the hindwings which are greyer, less glossy (but with glossy fringes 

 of the colour of the forewings), the antennse long, consisting of 21 joints. The ? is 

 4J"*-4|/" } on g (excluding the ovipositor), with brownish-yellow, dark-spotted head, 

 and large black eyes. The antennse are bright brownish-yellow, shorter and thicker 

 than in 7iitidella, consisting of eleven short joints and ending in a rounded tip ; the 

 legs yellowish covered with single hairs ; the tarsus 5- jointed (this disagrees with 

 crassiorella, J.W.T.). The first thoracic segment has a broad dorsal plate which 

 is yellow and shining, and only on the anterior margin slightly tinged with 

 brownish. The dorsal plates of the two following segments are narrow, marked 

 with reddish-brown ; all three being darker brown on the sides. The abdomen is 

 dirty yellow-brown, with seven brown dorsal spots, and the same number of brown 

 transverse stripes (divided medially) on the venter. The ovipositor tinged with 

 brownish-yellow ; anal tuft yellowish, with silky gloss. The case is distinguished 

 from that of F. nitidella by its size and by being clothed with coarser and more 

 projecting material, giving it a more bristly appearance. Affinis is probably widely 

 distributed, but passes unnoticed from being confused with nitidella. Full-grown 

 larvae are to be found at Eatisbon and Erlangen at end of May and in June, on 

 various deciduous trees, and these produce imagines in July " (Berl. Ent. Zeitschri/t, 

 I860, p. 33). 



