FUMEA. 317 



154(1891); Zimm., " Verh. Ver. Nat. Hamb.," vi., p. 21 (1887) ; Petersen, " Btr. 

 Kennt. Russ. Reiches," (3), iv., p. 86 (1833); Taich, " Arb. Nat. Ver. Riga," vi., 

 p. 20 (1889) ; Pabst, "Iris," iii., p. 106 (1890) ; Stein,, "Iris," v., p. 413 (1892) ; 

 Brown, "Act. Soc. Linn. Bord.," xlv., p. 55 (1892) ; Kirby, " Cat. Lep. Het.," p. 

 523(1892); Paux, " Rev. Biol. Nord," v., p. 322 (1893) ; Klem., "Ver. z.-b. Ges. 

 Wien," xliv., p. 177 (1894) ; Barr., " Ent. Mo. Mag.," xxx„ p. 265 (1894) ; " Lep. 

 Brit.," ii., p. 353 (1895) ; Meyr., " Handb.." p. 773 (1895) ; Mab., " Bull. Soc. 

 Aude," vi., p. 158 (1895) ; Carad., " Iris," viii., p. 88 (1895) ; ix., p. 6 (1896) ; 

 Chapman, " Ent. Mo. Mag.," xxxii., p. 80 (189ti); Schiitze, " Iris," ix., p. 335 (1896); 

 Lutz., " K.-B. Ver. Riga," xxxix., no. 49 (1896) ; Horm., " Verh. z.-b. Ges. Wien," 

 xlvii., p. 323 (1897); Bonj., "Bull. Soc. Ouest Fr.," vii., p. 192 (1897) ; Tutt, 

 " Ent. Rec," xi., p. 237 (1899) ; Chapman, " Proc. Ent. Soc. Lond.," 1899, p. xxv 

 (1900). Phalaena, Pall., "Nova Acta Ephem.," iii., p. 435 (1767) ; Retz., "Gen. 

 et Spec. Ins.," p. 37 (1783). Tinea, Geoff., " Fourc. Ent. Paris," ii„ p. 335 (1785) ; 

 Hb., "Eur. Schmett.," p. 15 (1796). Bombyx, Bkh., " Sys. Besch.," hi., p. 283 

 (1790); Tisch., " Enc. Taschenb.," ed. 2, p. 204 (1825). Psyche, Schr., "Fauna 

 Boica," ii., 2, p. 90 (1802); Ochs., "Die Schmett.," iii., p. 169 (1810); Zink., 

 "Germ. Mag. Ent.," i., p. 36(1813); Zell., "Isis," 1838, p. 716; 1839, p. 283 ; 

 Bdv., " Gen. Ind. Meth.," p. 79 (1840) ; Hering, " Stett. Ent. Zeit.," iii., p. 8 

 (1842) ; Dup., " Cat. Meth.," p. 65 (1844) ; Bruand, " Mem. Soc. Doubs," ii., livr. 

 1-2, p. 65 (1845) ; " Mon. des Psych.," p. 95 (1853); Speyer, "Isis," 1846, p. 34 ; 

 Heydrch., "Verz.," ed. 2, p. 6 (1846); Richter, "Stett. Ent. Zeit.," x., p. 85 

 (1849) ; Seyffler, " J.-H. Ver. Nat. Wiirtt.," v., p. 97 (1850) ; D'Ailly, " Tijd. Wis.- 

 en Nat. Wet.," iii., p. 265 (1850) ; Hein., " Stett. Ent. Zeit.," xii., p. 63 (1851) ; 

 Ver Huell, " Sepp. Ned. Ins.," vii., p. 183 (circ. 1853) ; Guille., "Ann. Acad. Sci. 

 Clermont-Ferrand," xxvii., p. 125 (1854) ; Tomp., " Zool.," 1859, p. 6464 ; Now., 

 "Enum. Lep. Hal. Or.," p. 31 (1860); Kell. and Hoffmn., " J.-H. Ver. Nat. 

 Wiirtt.," xvii., p. 288 (1861) ; Wernbg., " Btr.," i., pp. 316, 356, 372, 377 ; ii., pp. 

 130, 167 (1864) ; Mitf., "Ent. Mo. Mag.," vi., p. 94 (1869) ; p. 186 (1870) ; Guen., 

 " Lep. Eure-et-Loire," p. 56 (1875) ; Parfitt, " Trans. Dev. Ass.," x., p. 550 (1878). 

 Fumaria, " Haw. Lep. Brit.," iii., p. 373 (rect. 473), in part (1811). Epichnopterix, 

 Hb., " Verz.," p. 400, no. 3865, in part (? 1818). Cancphora, Hdrch., " Verz.," 

 ed. 3, p. 24 (1851) ; Koch, " Schmett. S.-W. Deutsch.," p. 71 (1856). Epichnop- 

 teryx, H.-Sch., " Sys. Bearb.," v., p. 62 (1855) ; Bert., "Pollichia," 1859, p. 319 ; 

 Kef. and Wernebg., " J.-B. Ak. Erfurt," i., p. 156 (1860); Hofm., "Berl. Ent. 

 Zeit.," iv., p. 32 (1860) ; Staud. and Wocke, " Cat.," ed. 1, p. 28(1861); Const., 

 "Cat. Lep. Saone-et-Loire," p. 91 (1866) ; Ross., " J.-B. Nass. Ver. Nat.," xix-xx., 

 p. 140 (1866) ; Nolck., " Lep. Fn. Est.," p. 121 (1867) ; Maassen, " Stett. Ent. 

 Zeit.," xxix., p. 439 (1868) ; Stange, " Verz. Halle Schmett.," p. 18 (1869) ; Teng- 

 strom, "Not. Sallsk. F. F. Fenn.," p. 330 (1869); Heyl., "Tijd. Ent.," xiii., p. 

 148 (1870) ; Knaggs, " Ent. Ann.," 1870, p. 136 (1869) ; Paul and Plotz, " Mitt. 

 Nat. Ver. Neupomm.," iv.,p. 68 (1872) ; Kretsch., " Mitt. Ver. Frankf.-a.-O.," ii., p. 

 27 (1884) ; Carad., " Iris," vi., p. 201 (1893). 



The nomenclature of this genus appears exceedingly difficult to 

 unravel. Excluding those authors who dealt with the species now 

 under discussion as Tinea, Bombyx, or Psyche, the commonest species, 

 casta (iiitidella), appears to have been first included in a hetero- 

 typical genus by Haworth in 1811,* when he erected the genus 

 Fumaria [Lep. Britannica, pt. 3, p. 373 (rect. 473)] and included in it, 

 rnuscea, pectinea, plumistrea, nitida, plumea, all of which, with the 

 exception of nitida, appear to be pulla in different stages of fineness or 

 the reverse. On June 2nd, 1812, Haworth read a paper before the 

 Ent. Soc. of London, and in a postscript notes (Trans. Ent. Soc. 

 London, 1812, p. 340) that for the genus Fumaria in Lepidoptera 



* The following entry has been made in the copy of Haworth's Lepidoptera 

 Britannica in the Nat. Hist. Museum, South Kensington, concerning the date of 

 publication of this work, together with the statement that the dates were copied 

 from the covers of the original parts: pt. 1, pp. 1-136 (1803); pt. 2, pp. 137-376 

 (1809) ; pt. 3, pp. 377-511 (1811) ; pt. 4, pp. 512-609 (1828). It is of course open 

 to question whether Haworth's alteration of his earlier name should be allowed to 

 stand. 



