FUME A. 319 



elavate, ciliated and straight, of the female, very short, simple, the two basal joints 

 largest ; head pilose anteriorly ; thorax slightly hairy and generally glossy ; 

 abdomen of the male pilose with a tuft at the apex, of the female more robust with 

 a woolly mass at the tip; wings incumbent, of the male diaphanous, deeply ciliated, 

 pilose, of the female wanting ; legs rather stout, the posterior tibiae very pilose with 

 elongate spurs at the apex. Larva enclosed in a case in which it changes to 

 pupa. 



It would appear from Wood's figures (Index Entom., figs. 81-85) that 

 our suspicion as to all the names mentioned by Haworth and Stephens 

 (except nitidetta) referring to pulla is well founded. He figures these 

 species (possibly from Stephens' specimens) and applies the same names 

 as these authors to what appear to be different forms of E. pidla. 



The characters of the genus may be summarised as follows : 



Ovum. — Irregularly oval in outline, straw-yellow in colour, surface smooth ; 

 laid in case but separable without breaking, small quantity of silky hairs scattered 

 among them. 



Case. — Longitudinal silken tube with pieces of grass culms* fastened on it 

 longitudinally, rather longer than case, the outer ones nearly free from case except 

 at attached side ; round the flexible mouth of case small scraps of grass stem are 

 laid down very regularly both as to size and position, and with their longer axes 

 longitudinally placed they look like a beautiful tessellated pavement. 



Larva. — Macro-Psychid in general character, with brown or pinkish-coloured 

 head and thoracic plates, varied with lighter markings, generally as a central and 

 two lateral (one on either side) longitudinal bands with irregular outlines. The 

 posterior trapezoidal tubercle, ii, much nearer middle line and larger than i, but 

 distinctly posterior to it (they are usually on two transverse ridges crossing the 

 dorsum of the segment). 



Pupa. — g . Pale brown, of delicate appearance ; labrum, length less than 

 breadth, falls short of lower margin of cheeks ; labium wider basally ; spiracles 

 projecting, with a short cone surrounded by a high vallum ; wing apex pointed, 

 but double the width of tarsus short of end of 3rd tarsi ; ventro-anal hooks shorter, 

 paler, more ventral, and closer together than in Proutia (but the whole difference 

 slight). ¥ . Cheeks extend downwards below labrum, labium of equal breadth, 

 tip little more than notched ; maxilla triangular, marked off from labium ; two very 

 distinct hairs on each side of labrum. 



Imago. — 3 . Antennas with long pectinations, pectinations scaled ; anterior 

 tibial spine almost four-fifths the length of tibia ; anterior wings square, posterior 

 wings ample. ? . Almost apterous, almost naked, scales confined very much to 

 lateral region entirely hairlike ; anal tuft ; tarsi with five joints to each foot. 



Neukation. — Anterior wings with median simple (never with cellula intrusa) ; 

 no supplementary cell at apex of discoidal cell. Posterior wings with median 

 in line with 6. 



We have already stated that Staudinger's Fumea (Cat., p. 65) is 

 heterogeneric, and it results that those authors who have followed him 

 have failed to correctly separate the species that he placed under this 

 name. He includes in his genus — Bacotia septum (a Luffiid), Bijwjis 

 pectinella (a Bijugid), Psychidea nudella and P. saphc (Psychideids), 

 Proutia betulina and P. saliculella (Proutiids), Bruandia comitella, Maso- 

 nia crassiorella, and M. affinis, leaving Fumea intermediella and robovi- 

 eolella (already shown, ante, pp. 281-283, as having no specific standing). 

 It is quite possible, however, that even when cut down to its narrowest 

 limits, Fumea contains many more species than those yet appearing in 

 our lists, and there are possibly many undescribed species in our 

 collections at the present time. The name nitidella appears to have been 

 used by some authors in a comprehensive manner, and so as to include 

 not only the more closely allied Fumeas but also the Masonias, &c. 

 Owing to this and other causes we have practically no idea of the 



* Though the pieces on Fumeid cases are always called grass and often are, 

 they seem to be very frequently dead flowering stems of other plants, 



