328 BRITISH LEPIDOPTERA. 



brown towards the claw, the joints paler. Abdomen: The abdominal 

 segments somewhat vinous or purplish to the naked eye, the 6th-8th 

 segments, however, inclining to a yellowish tint. The 1st abdominal 

 segment has the mediodorsal line of the thoracic segments continued 

 over it, the remaining segments with a dark, slender, mediodorsal 

 line. Each segment clearly formed of two subsegments. Tubercles 

 ii inside !(•..•); iii shows a long and well-developed seta. The 

 anal segment whitish with a well-marked, V-shaped, corneous shield 

 (point of V backwards). Prolegs: Ill-developed and useless for 

 ^walking on horizontal surface ; the anal prolegs well-developed and 

 used for walking out of case (body, therefore, arched when progression 

 takes place out of case). Spiraeular flange ; A subdorsal (supraspira- 

 cular) longitudinal depression runs along the side of the body, and there 

 is another similar subspiracular one ; the area between these forms the 

 spiraeular flange ; the subspiracular depression rather darker and forms 

 as it were a boundary or edge to the ventral area of larva, which is 

 yellowish in colour (Described June 1st, 1899, from larvre collected 

 by Alderson, near Farnborough) . Barrett says: The larva is deep 

 purple-brown ; head darkbrown or blackish with faint yellowish lines ; 

 three following segments yellowish, each with a transverse blackish 

 plate, extending downwards to the legs, which are long and strongly 

 made, blackish in colour. 



Comparison of larvae of Fumea casta and F. crassiorella. — 

 Bruand says that the larva, as well as being much smaller, is to be 

 distinguished from that of F. crassiorella by its obscure tint. The 

 markings are the same, but the stripes are brown, approaching 

 yellowish, instead of being of the intense vinous-brown that charac- 

 terises those of F. crassiorella. 



Pupa. — $ . The male pupa is about 4-75mm. in length, and 

 12mm. in width at the 4th abdominal segment. Head, prominent and 

 projects both frontally and ventrally ; the prothorax frontal, the meso- 

 thorax not prominent dorsally, nor is there any definite constriction at 

 1st abdominal segment to form a waist ; the thoracic segments very 

 shiny and strikingly different from the abdominal ; the abdominal 

 segments 8-10 turned ventrally, much smaller than the preceding 

 segments, and united into a sort of coarse hook ; the two ventro-anal 

 hooks well-defined ventrally. The wings reach to the 5th abdominal 

 segment, the antennae terminate almost at the same point, but do not 

 meet medio-ventrally. The dorsal hooks especially well developed. 

 Dorsally : The prothorax bulges frontally ; the meso- and metathorax 

 shiny ; the 1st abdominal almost as wide (front to back) as the 2nd 

 and 3rd, the 4th-7th gradually becoming narrower (beyond which the 

 abdominal segments turn ventrally), the anterior median edge of the 

 8th forms a strong mediodorsal spine ; the whole of the segments 

 striated transversely; the anterior transverse rows of spines most 

 marked on abdominal segments 3-8, most strongly developed on 8. 

 Laterally : The prothorax and dorsal head-piece prominent ; the eye 

 at base of antenna also prominent ; the antennae form a continuation 

 of the constriction between the pro- and mesothorax at its base ; the 

 forewing and antenna continued to anterior edge of 5th abdominal, 

 both quite free at apices from the 2nd abdominal and standing out 

 rigidly from the movable segments beneath them ; the hindwing 

 reaches almost to anal angle of forewing ; not much trace of lateral 



