WHITTLEIA. 339 



hairs replacing the tubercles. The female pupa is cylindrical with 

 the head, mouth-parts, wings and antenna? highly modified, but not 

 showing that extreme obsolescence that characterises the female imago ; 

 the cheeks falling below jaws to end of maxilke, the antennas forming 

 distinct knobs in centre of cheeks, the legs well-marked processes, three 

 or four times as long as wide, the wings developed as slight lappets 

 outside the legs ; the intersegmental spines are blunt points in 

 Epiehnoptenjx, sharp in Whittleia, whilst the anterior hooks are 

 represented in both by flat blunt eminences. The male imagines are 

 characterised by their specialised slender scales (almost like hairs in 

 some instances), the unsealed pectinations of their antennae, the 

 absence of anterior tibial spurs, the presence of two pairs of posterior 

 tibial -spurs, whilst the cellula intrusa found in the Proutiids, Bruandia 

 and Oiketicids, &c, is also present. The female imagines are 

 specialised to the greatest extreme of helplessness, forming mere 

 vermiform, almost inert, egg-sacs. A detailed description is given 

 later of those of the British species. 



Genus : Whittleia, Tutt. 



Synonymy.— Genus : Whittleia, Tutt, " Ent. Eecord," xii., p. 20(1900). 

 Psyche, Newm., " Zool.," v., p. 1863 (1847) ; viii., pp. xciv-xcv (1850) ; Bruand, 

 "Mon. des Psych.," p. 90 (1853) ; Cooke, " Merrifield's Brighton," p. 213 (1864) ; 

 Merr., "Calend.," 2nd ed., p. 100 (1875) ; Parfitt, "Trans. Devon. Ass.," x., p. 550 

 (1878) ; Chapman, " Ent. Mo. Mag.," xxxv., p. 146 (1899). Fumea, Stev., 

 " Zool.," 1850, p. 2857 ; H.-Sch., " Sys. Bearb.," v., p. 61 (1855) ; Sta., " Man.," 

 i., p. 167 (1857) ; Hum. and Westd., " Brit. Moths," 2nd ed., p. 34 (1857) ; Staud., 

 " Cat.," 1st ed., p. 28(1861). Epichnopteryx, Staud., •' Cat.," 2nd ed., p. 64 (1871) ; 

 Heyl., " Tijd. v. Ent.," xxi., p. xxvi (1878); "Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg.," 1881, p. 72 ; " C. 

 Ren. Soc. Ent. Belg.," xxviii., p. xciii (1884); Kirby, " Cat. Lep. Het.," p. 522 (1892) ; 

 Barr., "Ent. Mo. Mag.," xxx., p. 250 (1894); "Brit. Lep.," ii., p. 350 (1895) ; 

 Meyr., " Handbook, &c," p. 772 (1895) ; Whittle, " Science Gossip," 2nd ser., v., 

 p. 368 (1899). 



This genus was first noticed in the Entomologist' '.s Record, xii., p. 

 20, as follows : 



Whittleia, n. gen., with reticulated wings, and well represented by reticella, 

 which may be named as the type. 



This genus may now be diagnosed as follows : 



Ovum. — Large, irregular oval in outline, pale yellow in colour, no real sculptur- 

 ing, glistening, covered with gummy substance, adherent, very fragile, laid in pupal 

 skin. 



Case. — Composed of grey silk, covered closely with grass stems, cylindrical, 

 slightly more slender at ends, hence spindle-shaped, flexible mouth-piece, from 

 which larva protrudes its head. 



Larva. — Head large, black, chitinous, shiny, retractile ; true legs not so thick 

 nor strong as in most Psychids ; thoracic segments small (prothorax very small) with 

 black, corneous, polished plate (metathorax less corneous) ; pale mediodorsal and 

 lateral stripes, anterior margins of thoracic segments whitish ; abdomen bulky, 

 pale brownish, each segment subdivided into two subsegments, the anal segment 

 with a black shiny dorsal plate ; tubercles with single setae, on chitinous bases, 

 thoracic in straight line on abdominal segments, i weaker and outside ii, iii well- 

 developed, iv and v close together (v especially weak), vi below lateral flange, vii at 

 base of legs ; lateral flange well marked ; spiracles slightly raised ; prolegs short, 

 circle of hooks incomplete, surrounding a central pit. 



Popa. — s . Distinct waist at 1st abdominal segment ; spiracles raised, almost 

 subdorsal in position ; scars of prolegs conspicuous ; two ventro-anal spikes ; sexual 

 organs distinctly marked ; apex of all four wings very pointed, extend to 4th 

 abdominal; anterior row of dorsal spines on 4-8 well-developed, the posterior row 

 on 4-7 less marked ; tubercular hairs small ; mouth-parts well-developed, face very 

 smooth and rounded, labium square, projects beyond mandibles, the end of maxillae 

 very rounded ; the labium projects beyond maxillffi, its extremity notched ; antennas 



v2 



