EPICHNOPTEKIX PULLA. 355 



Hein., " Schmett. Deutsch.," p. 185 (1859); H.-Sch., " Neu. Schmett.," p. 9 (1856); 

 figs. 6-7 (1861); Hofm., " Berl. Ent. Zeit.," iv., p. 25 (1860); Staud., " Cat.," 1st ed., 

 p. 27(186]); 2nded., p. 64 (1871); Wilde, " Pflanz. Eaup. Deutsch.," ii., p. 76 

 (1861); Nick., "Lotos," xi., p. 155 (1861); Const., "Cat. Lep. Saone," p. 91 

 (1866) ; Ross., " J.-B. Ver. Nat. Nass.," xix-xx., p. 140 (1866) ; Mill., "Ann. Soc. 

 Linn. Lyon," xvi., p. 44, pi. 89, figs. 8-9 (1868) ; Stange, " Verz. Halle Schmett.," 

 p. 18 (1869) ; Wocke, " Zeit. Ent. Bresl.," iii., p. 26 (1872) ; "J.-B. Schles. Ges.," 

 liv., p. 205 (1877); Weiler, "Verz. Schm. Innsb.," p. 15 (1877); Rehbg., " Abh. 

 Ver. Brem.," p. 467 (1879) ; Frey, "Lep. der Schweiz," p. 92 (1880) ; Peyer., " Cat. 

 Lep. Als.," ed. 2, p. 59 (1880) ; Ross., "J.-B. Ver. Nat. Nass.," xxxiii-xxxiv., p. 226 

 (1881); Heyl., "Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg.," xxv., p. 72 (1881); Snell., "DeVlind.," 

 p. 440 (1882) ; Mosch., " Zeit. Ent. Bresl.," ix., p. 31 (1884) ; Schmid,," C.-B. Nat. 

 Ver. Regensb.," xxxix., p. 84 (sep. p. 35) (1885) ; Jord,, " Schmett. N.-W. 

 Deutsch.," p. 94 (1886) ; Kirby, " Cat. Lep. Het.," p. 521 (1892). ? Plu- 

 mella, Ochs., "Die Schmett.," iii., p. 168 (1810). Pulla, Freyer, "Neu. 

 Beit.," p. 90, pi. 653, fig. 1 (1856). — Ganephora sieboldii, n. sp. — Canephora 

 alis atro-griseis, fusco mixtis, subhyalinalis ; ciliis concoloribus, alarum anteriorum 

 apice flavescentibus ; margini anterior i nigro-piloso (Reutti). Male: Varies in 

 size, generally about as large as E. pulla, sometimes larger, sometimes smaller. 

 The body and bases of the wings dark brownish-black, the outer area of the wings 

 pale or brownish-grey with dark borders, these and the apex sometimes tinged with 

 yellow, so that, in this respect, sieboldii differs from the uniform dark-brown pulla, 

 which, moreover, appears much later. Female : Vermiform, 3 lines long, 1 line 

 wide, somewhat pointed towards the head, yellowish red-brown in colour, with 

 small dark brown, transverse, dorsal stripes on segments 6-10, very weak in some 

 specimens. The small head and prothorax are bent ventrally, the head round, 

 brown, bears two short antennae, beneath which are small black eye-spots ; the 

 rudimentary mouth-parts as in Psyche. The meso- and metathorax are somewhat 

 broad, and, like the prothorax, carry white corneous dorsal plates edged with brown ; 

 on the venter ol the thoracic segments are three pairs of small, unjointed, whitish leg- 

 rudiments ; the body is conical posteriorly, ending in a short blunt point, which is 

 slightly retractile and forms a sort of ovipositor. On the dorsum of the penultimate 

 segment are two brown, corneous, longitudinal stripes, between which part of the 

 viscera shows through as a bright yellowish spot ; on the venter cf the same seg- 

 ment is a small not very prominent protuberance. Freshly emerged specimens 

 have a little loose whitish wool in front of the short ovipositor, and on the pro- 

 thorax, but this is soon lost. The expansion o^the alimentary canal forming the 

 stomach is visible ventrally between the legs through the naked and thin skin as a 

 rather broad black longitudinal stripe ; the ventral chain of nervous ganglia is also 

 visible as a row of black dots. Case : The case is 5-6 lines long, cylindrical, of 

 equal thickness at both ends, covered with dry grass leaves, which all extend the 

 whole length of the case and lie smoothly against it, a tube (such as occurs in the 

 cases of Psyche) is not present at the posterior end. The ? case is but little 

 larger, but somewhat more swollen medially, than that of the s . Larva : 3-4 

 lines long, red-brown, covered with small tubercles bearing single upright setse. 

 The head and legs are black, the thoracic segments having black-brown corneous 

 dorsal plates divided down the middle by a yellowish longitudinal stripe ; a second 

 subdorsal yellowish stripe is on prothoracic plate and sometimes observable on 

 those of meso- and metathorax ; below the dorsal plates are three dark brown spots 

 on each side. The anal plate is black-brown and glossy. At the base of the legs 

 are two small dark brown spots. Pupa : Bright yellowish-brown, darker dorsally, 

 and the wing-cases are darker in the male. Parasites : Gampoplex, s^.,Pezomachus, sp. 

 (Hofmann). Localities. — Austria : Prague, Bohemia (Nickerl), N. Tyrol, Innsbruck 

 (Weiler). France : Saone-et-Loire, Autun (Constant), Nohant, very rare (Sand). 

 Germany: Ratisbon, Erlangen, Taunus, Black Forest (Hofmann), ? Stettin (Heine- 

 mann), Waldeck, Rhoden, Wismar (Speyer), Munich (Hartmann), Halle (Stange), 

 Bremen, common (Rehberg), Nassau (Rossler), Alsace, Saverne (Peyerimhoff), 

 Franzenshohe (Wocke), Hinterzarten, Lahr, Karlsruhe, Maxan in April and May, 

 in July in the mountains of Baden, Wiirtemberg (Reutti), Hanover (Glitz), Zittan 

 (Moeschler). Switzerland : Zurich, Albula Pass, Stelvio (Frey). 



Eeutti says that it is of the shape and size of G. pulla, the wings 

 shorter than usual, in putta more rounded, the nervures especially on 

 the underside strong and very distinct, darker than the ground colour ; 

 black-grey with black hairs at the base, mixed with brown towards the 



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