ACANTHOPSYCHE OPACELLA. 381 



Korpers schwarzgrau, die Beschuppung der Fliigel ist viel diinner als 

 bsi graminslla, sie erscheinen desshalb sshwarzgrau. Von Hrn. 

 Kefersfcein und Heidenreich als hirsutella ; von Hrn. Kaden drei 

 Exempl. als neu, aus Oestreich (Herrich-Schaffer, System. Bearbeituny, 

 &c, p. 20). 



Imago. — $ . Anterior wings 18mm.- 19* 5mm., unicolorous, blackish- 

 grey, thinly-scaled, semi-transparent, the nervures darker and distinct ; 

 the discoidal lunule clearly marked ; fringes unicolorous. Posterior 

 wings and fringes unicolorous and of the same tint as the anterior 

 wings. 



Sexual dimorphism. — $ . The male is fairly robust, with well- 

 developed wings, the wing-clothing consisting of very narrow black 

 scales, looking like hairs till magnified, the scales broader in fringes. 

 The antennae black, the first joint very large, urn-shaped, the second 

 large and globular, 27 or 29 other joints beyond that carry long pecti- 

 nations ; length of antennae 4-3mm., of longest pectinations l-2mm. 

 (from about joints 5-15) getting smaller towards apex ; the joints carry 

 hairs beneath, are scaled above (few left in specimen examined, but 

 sockets plentiful), 19 or 20 to a joint, irregularly placed, but more 

 numerous towards base of joint, pectinations carry long black hairs 

 beneath, are quite smooth above, having completely lost all traces of 

 scaling ; the pectinations arise from nearly the middle of each antennal 

 joint. The legs long and slender, the femora with very long hairs ; 

 the anterior tibial spur -85, no spurs on the second and third tibiae ; the 

 tarsi measure as follows: 1st = 1 "8mm., 2nd = l-7mm., 3rd = l-0mm. 

 ? . The female is 10mm. in length, 3mm. in width, nearly cylindrical, 

 white and maggot-like ; the head projects forwards, and has two points 

 that are apparently antennae ; also black eye-patches ; four other points 

 clearly represent the second and third pairs of legs, the anterior of 

 these, at least, ending in a very definite seta (or claw) ; no trace of 



in respect of colour and size was very different. The case, very skilfully made of 

 soft splinters of bark united by a fine white web, is shown at fig. 1 ; fig. 2 exhibits 

 the larva outside its case. Its ground colour is dirty yellow, the head shaded with 

 brown and yellow stripes, &c. (vide above, as Borkhausen has copied verbatim the 

 descriptions of the imago, larva, and case). Miiller then adds: "After the larva 

 had been fed about fourteen days on oak leaves, it spun up on the cover of the box, 

 attached by the end where the anal prolegs normally are, and so placed that the 

 case hung vertically. Some time after the case was opened and a brown pupa, 

 shown at fig. 3, was found therein. This pupa was provided with an anal hook, by 

 means of which it held firmly, but it was also able to move abou with wonderful 

 rapidity. After about six weeks a small male moth with pectinated antenme was 

 bred, ils form and size shown at fig, 4. Its colour both on the upper and under- 

 side was dark grey, showing a strong black gloss in certain lights, &c." Chapman be- 

 lieves that this was most likely Canephora unicolor. He writes : "Furvaoi the Hanau. 

 Mag. (1780) and Naturforscher (1782) — the figures of the second are copied from those 

 of the first work. (1) Hanau. Mag. — The figure of case is very like one of the leafy 

 ones of C. unicolor, but the description says it is covered with " delicate strips of 

 bark " (" zarten spiinen des baumrinde "). This suggests rather S. hirsutella than 

 A. opacella or C. unicolor. The pupa and larva give no help. The moth is very 

 like C. unicolor in wing shape and not at all like A. opacella, the size of wings in 

 proportion to thickness of body is more like C. unicolor, as well as the large round 

 hindwings. (2) Naturforscher. — The figure in Naturforscher is really not at all bad 

 for C. unicolor, a shade small (24mm.) The Hanau. Mag. figure is uncoloured, 

 that in Naturforscher is coloured and is dense black (like C. unicolor) ; obviously 

 no attempt made to represent such flimsier wing structure as A. opacella or S. 

 hirsutella. I should say that it was much the most likely to be C. unicolor, just 

 possibly <S'. hirsutella, and certainly not A. opacella {in litt., January 24th, 1900). 



