532 BRITISH LEPIDOPTEEA. 



k. An apparently ? specimen, but with the left hindwing shaped like that of a 

 male. Exhibited by Bond at the meeting of the Entom. Society of London, 

 November, 1871. 



\. An apparently ? specimen, with the right hindwing marked and banded as in 

 the forewing. Exhibited by Bond at the meeting of the Entom. Society of London, 

 November, 1871. 



We have recently been able to examine these specimens which are now 

 in Webb's collection. Our notes read as follows : 



(1) ? . With the left wings both somewhat of the male form, but probably 

 merely due to crippling, and not to gynandromorphism. 



(2) ? . Of the buff type, with two yellow bands distinctly developed on the 

 right hindwing as well as on the forewings. 



Nothing Avhatever in these suggests gynandromorphism except the 

 wing-shape of 1 and the extra line on the hindwing of 2, but the latter 

 is of the female forewing type of marking, and not of the male. A 

 third example in the collection has been hinted as possibly gynandro- 

 morphous. Of this we note : 



(3) ? . Almost unicolorous, the right forewing short and square, might be 

 looked upon as more of the shape of the <? wing ; appears to us simply a crippled 



$ wing that has by chance got this shape. 



Variation. — The sexes have been shown to be very dissimilar, and 

 their variation takes somewhat different lines, yet the most extreme 

 forms — unicolorous yellow-ochreous, on the one hand, and unicolorous 

 red-brown, on the other — are similar in both sexes. In England, the 

 principal forms of the male are as follows : 



(1) Forewings very pale ochreous with almost (or quite) obsolete transverse 

 lines, no dark patches in cilia ; the hindwings also greyish-ochreous (not at all 

 dark coppery as in 2 and 3)=ab. pallida, n. ab. 



(2) Forewings quite yellow, with indistinct lines and markings ; hindwings 

 normal coppery-brown = ab. obsoleta, n. ab. 



(3) Forewings pale yellow-ochreous in colour with the curved basal line, the 

 median transverse line and the submarginal shade distinctly marked in brown, with 

 two brown patches on the outer margin in the cilia, the margin at apex also darker ; 

 the hindwings coppery-brown, with (or without) a trace of the transverse band, and 

 the fringes pale. This may be looked upon as the typical British male form = 

 castrensis. 



(4) Forewings yellowish-brown, with darker lines, the hindwings also coppery; 

 distinctly intermediate between 3 and5 = ab. intermedia, n. ab. 



(5) Forewings brown in colour, approaching the coppery-brown hue of the 

 hindwings, the lines still darker = ab. brunnea, n. ab. 



(6) Fore- and hindwings unicolorous, red- or coppery-brown, without any 

 (or very faint) transverse lines = ab. hilleri, Stdfss. 



The transverse lines on the forewings of the males are sometimes very 

 distinctly separate, sometimes more than a third of the wing apart, at 

 others almost touching, frequently united by a short oblique shade 

 from the median line to the curve of the basal line, the submarginal 

 shade also may be quite absent, or may form a strongly developed line, 

 there is sometimes, also, a small, but distinct, dark costal basal patch. One 

 meets occasionally with very small aberrations of the male, measuring 

 from 20mm. -25mm. (= ab. minor, n. ab.). Agassiz records one 

 measuring 23mm. from the Grisons. The females are less strikingly 

 variable than the males, although there are some remarkably good 

 forms developed. Linne's original description with " two pale fasciae" 

 evidently refers to the commonest female form, although it would be 

 difficult by any stretch of the imagination to call the colour of any 

 of our examples " grey," and hence one is at a loss as to which 

 form Linne really described. Our commonest form may perhaps be 



