MALACOSOMA NEUSTRIA. 557 



and transversely in line with ii ; this extra tubercle occurs also on the 

 meso- and metathorax, and is probably closely connected with ii 

 (possibly belonging to its group) ; there is also a small single-haired 

 tubercle on anterior edge of abdominal segments, slightly anterior to 

 i, and yet another equally far forward, midway between this and the 

 supplementary prespiracular wart (described later) ; iii is small, but 

 wart-like, and bears two small hairs ; iv and v are puzzling — on the lateral 

 ridge beneath the spiracle, and rather posterior to it, is a two-haired 

 tubercle, which is probably iv (but might doubtfully be i v and v combined) , 

 just in front of it and beneath spiracle is a small single-haired tubercle 

 which is probably v (but might be supplementary) ; in front of this 

 again, and slightly before the spiracle but on the lateral flange, is a 

 similar single-haired tubercle, which might be supplementary to v (if 

 the one just previously mentioned be v). There is also a supplementary 

 prespiracular wart (carrying three tubercular hairs) above the flange, 

 in horizontal line with the spiracle, on the anterior edge of segment 

 (actually anterior to i), and there is also a small single-haired tubercle 

 a short distance directly below this. Tubercle vii is present, and there 

 are one or two other minute single-haired tubercles, the position of 

 which I have not exactly noted. The spiracles are not easily made 

 out ; their position, however, is determinable by a dimple in the skin, 

 noticeable when the larva is moving (Bacot. Described April 27th, 

 1900, from larva? hatched April 22nd, from eggs obtained in Folkestone 

 Warren by Mr. Hills). In the second stadium the larva is very strik- 

 ingly marked with the longitudinal lines that characterise its adult stage. 

 The head is shiny black, sparingly covered "with tubercular points 

 giving rise to black hairs, the ocelli black. The prothorax is swollen, 

 velvety in appearance, with two large, black, lateral warts bearing 

 radiate black hairs. The ground colour of the other segments is also 

 black. The mesothorax, metathorax, and the abdominal segments, 

 have a narrow, white, longitudinal band, on each side of the broader 

 median band (of the ground colour), then a broad band of the 

 ground colour, followed by a well-marked white supraspiracular, 

 and a less clear spiracular, line, extending to the 8th abdominal 

 segment, which is swollen, slightly humped, and of a velvety-black 

 colour ; the pale longitudinal lines are continued on the 9th abdominal, 

 but the anal segment again is black. A series of dorsal orange 

 blotches crosses the intersegmental areas between 2-3, 3-4, 4-5, 5-6, 6-7 

 and the posterior edge of 7 (the last not crossing to 8) , without, how- 

 ever, disturbing the me :liodorsal line of the ground colour ; where 

 these areas occur the white of the inner dorsal line is largely replaced 

 by orange, leaving only a small portion of the line in the centre of 

 each segment white. Some of the long hairs on the prothorax are black, 

 but the remainder of the body hairs are brown. The meso- and meta- 

 thorax are subdivided into three subsegments, the abdominal segments 

 1-7 being divided into two, the anterior being broad, the posterior com- 

 paratively narrow. Onthemeso- andmetathorax is a black raised wart-like 

 tubercle on either side of the 2nd subsegment of each of these segments, 

 situated between the dorsal and subdorsal longitudinal lines and giving 

 rise to two (rarely three) radiating brown hairs (less long and less red 

 than those of M. castrensis) ; on the abdominal segments 1-7, is a similar 

 pair of wart-like tubercles on the wide 1st subsegment. So far as can be 

 detected the ordinary tubercles are still much as in the first stadium, 



