110 MRS. E. M. EEID OX TWO [vol. Lxxvi, 



at Castle Eden are a Japanese hornbeam, Garplnus laxiflora, three 

 species of Crataegus which belong to a North American section of 

 the genus, three species of Chinese and Japanese Bnbi related to 

 the raspberry, Pilea pumila, the stingless nettle of North America 

 (a few specimens of which were also found at Tegelen), an extinct 

 Melissa found also in the Reuverian, whose nearest allies inhabit 

 the Himalaya, the mountains of Khasia, and Java ; two species of 

 Rhus, an Ilex, and a gentian, all more nearly related to Chinese 

 and North American species than to European ; also an Aralia. 

 The meaning of this Chinese-North American alliance was fully 

 dealt with in the Reuverian memoir — the 'Fossil Flora of the 

 Dutch-Prussian Border,' and I need not discuss it here, except to 

 state that the investigation of the Castle-Eden flora has lent 

 strong support to the theories there set forth. 



The examination of the mosses was very kindly undertaken by 

 Mr. H. N. Dixon, M.A., F.L.S. The substance of his report, 

 based on the examination of successive samples, is as follows : — 



' Neclcera complanata and Somalia trichoma noides are arboreal mosses, the 

 others (Thuidium ? tamariscenium, Eurhynchium swartzii, and.E. prtelongum) 

 ■terrestrial. They are all the ordinary mosses that one might meet in a wood 



or lane-side now, in any lowland part of England The association is 



one which I think certainly would never be found above 500 feet anywhere in 

 Britain at the present day. A fortiori, of course, they quite negative any 

 Alpine or Arctic conditions, so far as they are concerned ... I have examined 

 the further material from Castle Eden .... They are practically the same as 

 the former lot examined, and all with the exception of Amblystegium Icochii 

 show a distinctly woodland association. They might have been washed down 

 by a stream passing through a wood or copse. The Amblystegium would be 

 a stream-side or marsh plant. All of them are common or frequent species 

 at the present time in our lowland woods.' 



Mr. Dixon's report seems to bear out the suggestion of habitat 

 that I have made above. 



III. IjS'sect-bemains feom Middle Pliocene Clay. 



For the study of the insect-remains I was fortunate in being able 

 to obtain the help of the distinguished entomologist, M. P. Lesne, 

 who has sent a preliminary report, of which the following is a 

 translation. A full report will be published by him later. 



' I have recognized ten different species, of which nine yield information of 

 value. The list is as follows : — 



I. Oethoptbba. 



1. Forficula auricularia L. A living species, indigenous to England. 



II. COLEOPTERA. 



2. Trechus amplicollis prseglacialis, subsp. nov. T. am/pUcollis is now 



localized in certain mountain-massifs of the European continent. 



3. Pterostichini (genus extinctum ?). 



4. Argutor strenuus pliocenicus, subsp. nov. A. strenuus is a living 



species indigenous to England. 



5. Xantholinus linealis Olivier. A living species, indigenous to 



England. 



