part 2] 



PREGLACIAL FLORAS PJROM CASTLE EDEN. 



Ill 



6. Hydrsena reidiana, sp. nov. 



7. Lathridius nodifer Westwood. A living species, cosmopolitan. 



8. Anobium domesticum L. A living species, widely spread through- 



out the Palaearctic regions. 



9. Hadrobregnus ? (species extincta ?). 



III. Hymenopteea. 



10. Apidae {? Antliidium, ? Megachile, ? Chalicodonia).' 



IV. Plants prom the Later (Preglacial) Deposit 

 of Castle Eden. 



From the small sample labelled ' Freshwater Clay with shells ' 

 the following species were obtained : — 



Ckamisso 



Potamogeton trichoides 



(small). 

 Zannichellia pedunculated Reichen- 



bach (spines few). 

 Alisma Plantago Linnaeus. 

 Scirpus palustris R. Brown. 

 /S. tabernmmontani G-melin (small, 



but plentiful). 



Carex riparia Curtis. 



Rumex maritimus Linnaeus (one badly 



preserved fruit). 

 Ranunculus aquatilis Linnaeus. 

 R. sceleratus Linnaeus. 

 Myriophyllum alternifolium De 



Candolle (very small). 

 Cirsium arvense var. setosum Koch. 



All are common British species. 



The association is essentially an aquatic one, into which the 

 fruits of Cirsium arvense (three in number) have been blown or 

 carried. The presence of Scirpus taberncemontani in some abun- 

 dance, and the single fruit of JZumex maritimus, probably denote 

 the neighbourhood of the sea and somewhat brackish water. 



Several of the seeds are small, and it may be that this fact 

 indicates either a climate or habitat which was unsuited to the full 

 development of the species ; otherwise there is nothing to point to 

 a climate differing from that of the present day in the North of 

 England. It seems probable that the deposit should be assigned 

 to the top of the Pliocene, and is either of Cromerian age, or a 

 little later. 



V. Plants from the Older (Middle Pliocene) 

 Deposits of Castle Eden. 



List of Species. 



Neckera complanata (Linnaeus) Hueb- 



ner. In fair quantity. 

 Homcdia trichomanoides (Schreber) 



Bruch & Schimper. One fragment. 

 TJmidium tamariscenium (Linnaeus) 



Bruch & Schimper. 

 Eurhynchium swartzii (Turner) Hob- 

 kirk. The predominant moss in 



several forms. 

 E. prselongum (Linnaeus) Hobkirk. 



A scrap only. 

 Amblystegiu/m serpens (Linnaeus). 

 A. kochii Bruch & Schimper. A stem 



or two. 

 Brack ythecium sp. 



Hyloconium triquetrum (Linnaeus) 

 Bruch & Schimper. A scrap only. 

 Sparganium ramosum Hudson. 

 . Potamogeton ac.utifolius Link. 

 P. pectinatus Linnaeus. 

 P. nutans Linnaeus. 

 P. sp. 4. 

 P. sp. 5. 



Naias minor Allioni. 

 Alisma Plantago Linnaeus. 

 Cyperus sp. 1. 



Cyperus sp. 2. 



Scirpus sp. 1 



Gmelin). 

 Scirpus sp. 2. 



(cf. tabernxmontani 



