SOLIMOES AND JAVARY RIVERS, IN BRAZIL. . 79 
Again, amongst them was one large freshwatet bivalve, which, 
owing to its friable condition, was so broken in its removal that it 
is impossible to say to what genus it belongs, though at the time I 
took it to be a Hyria. Upon the greenish clay comes grey clay, 
while all above that is rendered obscure by a landslip. 
There are numbers of poor sections from which nothing can 
be clearly made out until some cliffs on the Peruvian side, a few 
miles below Canama, are reached, where the following section 
occurs :— 
( 3 feet. Reddish loam. 
NB» 4, Greyish clay. 
BA ns Impure lignite. 
a eps 3} © op Blue clay containing fossils. 
"BEHORIET ceoan: ) G5 Greenish-grey clay. 
2 , Gin. Impure lignite. 
20 Soft light greenish-blue clay. 
Blue clay, with fossils. 
River. 
Here I found some large freshwater shells (Unio and Anodon) 
in the blue clay below the upper lignite, and one small species of 
univalve different from those of the other sections; also a portion of 
the body-whorl of a large Gasteropod. At the lower end of the 
same cliffs the river-deposit, consisting of red loam and white sands, 
forms the greater portion of their height, and rests upon a dark 
erey clay, below which is the light greenish-blue clay usually 
found beneath the lower layer of lignite—thus showing evident 
unconformability, the upper beds and lignites having been denuded 
before the deposition of the sands and loam. 
Undoubtedly the clearest section that I had an opportunity of 
examining was that at Canama, at a distance of 200 yards above the 
little settlement of that name, and some 50 miles up, in a straight 
line, from the mouth of the Javary. The arrangement there was 
as follows :— 
as those in the clay. 
14 feet Greenish-blue slightly arenaceous clay, con- 
taining shells sparingly scattered through it, 
of similar genera to those in the beds above, 
and two thin layers of concretionary calca- 
reous nodules. 
1 foot 8in. Lignite. 
\ 6 feet Light blue clay. 
Ree ela oat 3 feet. Reddish loam. 
iver-ceporl’- | 5 ,, 6in. Grey clay, mottled with iron-oxide stains. 
( 1 foot Dull purplish clay, containing numerous casts 
of bivalves, chiefly of Anisothyris. 
| 14 feet Slightly arenaceous bluish clay, containing 
great quantities of shells arranged in hori- 
| zontal lines, chiefly Anisothyris and Nerttina. 
1 foot Nodular concretionary clay-rock, the concre- 
| tional centres of which were composed of blue 
c { limestone, containing shells of same species 
Tertiary ...... 
This layer of lignite is composed of a hard brownish vegetable 
