146 W. BOYD DAWKINS ON THE RANGE OF 
niacus of Asia Minor. TI feel inclined to view them as two well- 
marked varieties rather than as two distinct species. 
Discussion. 
Dr. Lerru Avams stated that teeth from Ohio in the Royal College 
of Surgeons and in Paris were certainly those of the Mammoth, 
although Prof. Marsh has asserted that the Mammoth has not been 
found south of the Columbia river and east of the Rocky Mountains. 
He thought it possible that Hlephas Columbi, E. armeniacus, and E. 
indicus might be the same species, but that HL. primigenius was 
distinctly different. The Mammoth was more nearly allied to the 
Asiatic than any other elephant. He gave instances of thick- and 
thin-plated teeth occurring in the same district in Britain; in none 
did we, however, get crowns like the teeth of the Indian elephant. 
Hence he did not think there was evidence at present for running all 
these species together. 
Mr. CuarLEsworTH commented on some popular representations 
of the Mammoth ; and asked if Prof. Dawkins thought the elephant’s 
teeth in the Norwich Crag were those of EL. primagenius. 
Prof. Owrn asked whether the evidence for the discovery of the 
tooth of #. primigenius under the Lower Boulder-clay was satis- 
factory, instancing mistakes that had been made in the case of Cervus 
megaceros, Which had been asserted, though on defective evidence, to 
occur in the peat-bogs, whereas it appeared that really it was in the 
underlying shell-marl. 
Mr. J. Evans said that a Committee had been appointed at the 
last Meeting of the British Association at Dublin to investigate the 
occurrence of the Cervus megaceros in Ireland. He would have been 
glad if Prof. Boyd Dawkins had also attempted to trace the pedi- 
gree of the Mammoth upwards as well as downwards. He could 
not accept Mr. Howorth’s view of a cataclysmic cause for the 
destruction of the Siberian Mammoth and the preservation of its 
remains. 
Prof. Szrrzy stated that Dr. Falconer considered Hlephas primi- 
genius very closely allied to #. indicus ; in fact he always examined 
the mineral character of the specimen, as the speaker had seen when 
he went over a large collection made by Prof. Sedgwick, and con- 
tained in the Woodwardian Museum. 
Dr. Hicxs asked as to the nature of the Boulder-clay and 
whether the blocks contained in it were angular or rounded. He 
inquired whether the evidence was sufficiently satisfactory that it 
belonged to the Lower Boulder-clay, and was not simply derived 
from it in subsequent changes. 
Prof. Hueues said that he doubted the glacial origin of any of the 
series of deposits described by Prof. Boyd Dawkins, and stated that 
the Boulder-clays of Cheshire only belonged to the later part of the 
Glacial epoch. They were marine and resorted. He thought the 
same of the Hertfordshire drift. 
Dr. Woopwarp said that he had recently been along the Norfolk 
