672 REY. 0. FISHEK ON A MAMMALIFEROUS 
one after another, bones of a Bos, but among them a tooth of Hyena 
or tusk of Hippopotamus. In some instances it is clear that the 
ligaments had not decayed when the limbs subsided. Thus my son 
exhumed an entire set of associated bones of a hind limb of Bos 
prumgenius. 
What we have here, then, appears to have been a deposit in a deep 
hole of a stream, where it swept round against the south side of the 
hill. This stream was probably no other than the present one called 
the Rhee, and drained the same district then as now. This district 
is occupied by the Lower Chalk, the Gault, and the Boulder-clay ; 
it contains none of the Upper Chalk within its area, nor any observed 
beds of flint-gravel. Accordingly we find the materials of the deposit 
to be such only as those rocks would supply, consisting as it does 
almost entirely of the débris of the Boulder-clay. That it is newer 
than the Boulder-clay is also shown by its lying beneath a hill which 
is capped by a thin tabular bed of that clay. There appear to be 
very few remnants of the Oolitic rocks among the pebbles, except 
afew fragments of Gryphwa. The pebbles are, for the most part, 
not at all decomposed, as those are which one now picks up in the 
neighbouring ploughed fields, and the glacial scratches are well 
preserved. This would lead to the inference that the river flowed 
between rather deep banks of Boulder-clay, abrading much at a 
depth beyond the reach of atmospheric infiuences. 
Some peculiar circumstances must have caused so considerable an 
accumulation of bones. Probably the carcasses, inflated with the 
gases of decomposition, were detained here and there in the stream 
by quiet eddies, such as usually occupy deep holes in the elbows of 
a stream when the water is not in flood. The prevalent south- 
westerly winds would also assist in detaining any floating body in 
such situations *. 
Taking departure from the pit, and crossing the valley from north 
to south, towards Foxton railway-station, the levels give :— 
yards 
From mammalian deposit to hedge, level ..................ccceeeeeeeee 77 
From hedge to northern branch of stream, descent of 20 feet ... 100 
From northern branch of stream to middle do., level ............... 120 
From middle stream to southern do., level .............eseeeeeeneenes 134 
From southern do. to a point about halfway between the angle of 
the road and Foxton station, rise of 20 feet ............ceececeeees 2 
651 
At this pot we are again upon the level of the mammalian 
deposit. ‘There are at the present time two sections open in this 
interval where coprolites have been dug. One is in the level alluvial 
ground just south of the middle stream. Here a low-level fine river- 
* There is a remarkable deposit of bones beneath the row of houses called 
“The Terrace” at Walton-on-the-Naze, in Essex. At this place the sea is 
encroaching on what was probably the eastern corner of a sheet of water 
occupying the same general position that ‘‘ Walton Creek” now holds. The 
writer's opinion is, that the accumulation of carcasses at this place was caused 
by the south-west winds blowing nearly every thing that floated on the southern 
portion of this sheet of water to this particular part of its shore, 
