422 PROF. E. HULL ON THE DINGLE BEDS AND 
Dr. Hicks expressed his conviction that the great series of truly 
metamorphic rocks in Ireland are not of Lower Silurian, but of 
Pre-Cambrian age. He further stated that a portion of the beds 
regarded as of Upper Silurian age by the author might belong to 
the Lower Silurian. 
Prof. Ramsay remarked that Devonshire is still partly a terra in- 
cognita to the geologist, and that as soon as godd ordnance maps of 
the country are produced a completely new geological survey of the 
country must be made. He had found, both in Westphalia and North 
America, that strata regarded as Lower Devonian are really Upper 
Silurian. He regarded the argument of Prof. Hull as nearly conyin- 
cing. The Lower Old Red Sandstone has not the same relations to the 
Upper Old Red Sandstone in Ireland that the beds called by the 
same names in Wales and Scotland have. In the former case the 
Lower Old Red Sandstone of Prof. Hull is equivalent to the Upper 
Old Red of Scotland, which lies unconformably on the Lower Old 
Red of that country. In the Lower Old Red Sandstone of Scotland 
bands of rock, with Graptolites and Upper Silurian fossils, have 
_been found by Prof. Geikie. He thought that the Upper Old Red 
Sandstone of Griffith had as much right to be called Carboniferous 
as Deyonian. These points only confirmed the views of Prof. Hull. 
Mr. Ussner stated that there is a perfectly conformable series 
between the Foreland Grits and the Culm-measures of Devonshire, 
He thought that Devonshire must still be regarded as affording a 
typical series. 
Mr. Jurzs-Brownz wished to ask a few questions. Prof. Hull’s 
argument appeared to be that, because rocks of a certain character 
occurring in the Dingle promontory were found to be absent in the 
Inveragh promontory, it was therefore to be assumed that there must 
be an unconformity in the latter district as well as in the former ; and 
proofs of an apparent overlap were adduced in support of this. But 
the evidence brought forward was mainly of a theoretical nature ; 
the explanatory section showing the possible overlap was not sup- 
ported by any actually observed section in which an overlap was 
visible. He would like to be assured on what evidence the Glen- 
gariff Grits were correlated with the Dingle beds, and why the 
Upper Old Red Sandstone was banished from the neighbourhood of 
Sneem and Kenmare, as well as from the head of Bantry Bay, 
though it was laid down on the maps of the Geological Survey of 
Ireland and described in the ‘ Memoirs.’ 
The succession of rocks in the Dingle district was so different 
from that in the country south of Dingle Bay, that it was really 
doubtful whether the two series could be compared. 
Few men had gained a greater knowledge of the S.W. of Ireland 
than the late Mr. Jukes, whose views Prof. Hull had quoted; but 
Mr. Jukes had not been able to discover any evidence of discordant 
stratification in the series of rocks referred to. 
The Avrnor insisted that in a number of sections the Lower 
Carboniferous Slate and Upper Old Red Sandstone are seen lying 
directly upon the Glengariff Grits. In reply to Prof. Ramsay, 
