726 PROF. B. DAWKINS AND REY. J. M. MELLO ON 
This was obviously the equivalent, in point of age, of the superficial 
layer inthe Robin-Hood and Church-Hole caverns (see figs. 2 & 3, 
No. 5). 
‘Red Sandy Cave-earth.—Below the surface-soil was a bed of light 
red cave-earth, which, on being followed up towards the mouth of 
Chamber B, was found to increase in thickness, varying from 3 feet 
6 inches opposite the mouth of chamber B to 2 feet 6 inches at the 
entrance (see figs. 2 & 3, No. 4). The remains of animals were 
abundant, consisting principally of Bison, Reindeer, Bear, Wolf, Fox, 
and Hyzena, the coprolites of the last of these animals being very 
numerous, having been preserved by the dryness of the cavern. In 
the other caverns, which were wet, they had been crushed out of 
shape into layers by the repeated trampling of the animals. A few 
quartzite pebbles, some rudely chipped, were also met with. In the 
upper parts a few flint flakes were discovered, but they were pro- 
bably derived from the superficial soil. 
Red Clay and Ferruginous Sand.—This stratum near the entrance 
of the cave rested on the unfossiliferous white sand (see fig. 2), while 
in figs. 3 & 4, near the entrance of chamber B, two strata were inter- 
calated—a red clay, No. 3, and a highly ferruginous sand, No. 2, 
which revealed the presence of a fauna hitherto unknown in the 
Cresswell Caves. In the ferruginous sand, at the point where Section 
2 was taken, were the fragments of the skull and other bones of 
Hippopotamus, together with teeth of Rhinoceros leptorhinus of Owen 
(R. hemitechus of Falconer), along with numerous skulls and jaws of 
Hyzena and some remains of Bison. It is evident that the skull of a 
Hippopotamus had been left by the Hyzenas in this spot; but unfor- 
tunately it had been broken to pieces by the previous diggings which 
led us to re-examine the cave. The ferruginous sand (No. 2) ulti- 
mately proyed to be purely local (see fig. 4). 
Fig. 4.—Section 3, Chamber A (fig. 1). 
(Scale, 3) inch to 1 foot.) 
1, White calcareous sand; no remains ..........00s008 
2. Ferruginous yellow and red sand; bones....... JO 
3: Mediclayé: bones, dood wths ass eees dee ndse tee . O 6 
4, Red sandy cave-earth; bones, &C,.....ssccseseessenseenecees 3 0 
Dos SULLACEHBOLL aces veneer Meee SAR Ee eee CCE eee 
