VI PROCEEDINGS OE THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [vol. lxxix, 



warm- temperate or genial, but interrupted by comparatively short 

 glacial intervals. 



The outermost moraine (Mindel) of the Rhone Glacier is asso- 

 ciated with the Milazzian terrace, the intermediate moraine with 

 the Tyrrhenian, and the innermost moraine (Wiirm) with the 

 Monastirian : except for their serial order, these associations are 

 (in a sense) accidental. 



It is now possible to assign the Palaeolithic stages of human 

 industry to their place in the Quaternary System : thus the 

 ' Strepyan ' or pre-Chellean is Milazzian in age ; the typical Chel- 

 lean — Tyrrhenian ; the evolved Chellean, Acheulean, and Lower 

 Mousterian — early Monastirian ; and the Upper Mousterian, 

 Aurignacian, Solutrian, and Magdalenian — later Monastirian. 



The coast-lines of the Northern Hemisphere appear to have 

 their counterparts in the Southern Hemisphere, and the researches 

 of Dr. T. O. Bosworth in Peru and Prof. G. A. F. Molengraaff 

 in the East Indies have revealed extensive marine Quaternary 

 deposits and successive movements of the sea-level. 



The Quaternary movements are probablv due to a general de- 

 formation of the globe, involving eustatic changes in the level of 

 the sea. 



Discussion. 



Mr. W. Whitaker noticed a matter as to which there .seemed! 

 to be some doubt. While it was of great interest to hear of the- 

 agreement in levels of coastal beaches and of river-terraces^, 

 that agreement would seem to be limited to the estuarial part of 

 the river- valleys. In the more inland parts the floor of the valleys; 

 rose, and the terraces might rise also : consequently, a terrace at, 

 say, 100 feet in one place, would be at a higher level farther up 

 the valley. In river-terraces inland one had to consider the 

 height above the neighbouring river, rather than that above the 

 sea. 



Mr. Walter Johnson doubted whether eustatic movements of 

 the sea could account for the facts as observed in the Lower- 

 Thames Basin. On that theoiw, we must suppose that the area 

 maintained a fixed position with respect to the Earth's centre, and! 

 that each new base-level was provided by successive retreats of the 

 sea, until, after the formation of the ' buried channel ', the waters 

 again advanced. It was just as reasonable to suppose that the 

 movements of land and sea were mutual. The general parallelism 

 of the Thames terraces far inland, with their almost uniform 

 height above the river-bed, might perhaps accord with the marine 

 theory. On the other hand, the depth and narrowness of the 

 buried channel seem rather to indicate a late date for the climax 

 of the Glacial Period, and to harmonize with G. K. Gilbert's 

 observations on the pressure and erosive power of ice in Alaskan 

 estuaries. The speaker asked whether the Lecturer considered 

 that the third (40-metre) terrace of the Somme was cut. in latest 



