part 1] or the shales-with-' beef.' 49 



In the Geological Survey Memoir of 1893 (' Lias of England & 

 Wales ' pp. 65-66), H. B. Woodward enumerates nine subdivisions 

 of the Shales- with-Beef, which I correlate as follows : — 



[9] ' Firestone Nodules or Birchii Bed. Hard irregular and nodular lime- 

 stone or Cement- stone, with "beef " above and below. It forms one 

 or two beds with iron-stained joints. Am. Birchii and clusters of 

 small Ammonites ; 1 ft. 6 ins.' = £irc7u-Nodular and .BircTii-Tabular, 

 with the intervening paper-shales (75-76 a). 



[8] ' Dark shales with band of thin shaly limestone, and occasional nodules 

 of limestone ; 10 ft.' = 74 q-74 w. 



[7] ' Lenticular band of grey limestone with " beef." ' = 74 p. 



[6] ' Dark shales with thin band of limestone in places ; [with 5 and 7] 

 15 ft.' = 74g-74o. 



[5] ' Interrupted band of limestone with " beef." ' = 74 f. 



[4] ' Dark shales and paper-shales, slightly calcareous and micaceous, 

 with indurated bands and seams of " beef." Saurian remains ; 25 ft.' 

 = 72b-74e. 



[3] ' Marly cement-stone bed.'=Reef 19 (72 a). 



[2] ' Marly shales with iron-pyrites, and thin conspicuous layer in the 

 West Cliff known as the Black Bear ; 25 ft.' = 54 a-71 g. 



[1] ' Hard Marl or Table Ledge.' = 53. 



In 1914, 1 I further subdivided these beds, in order to collect 

 from them in detail, hoping thereby to obtain a faunal sequence 

 sufficiently complete to afford a basis of correlation with the Lias 

 of other areas. As the sequence appeared most obvious on the 

 reefs, and the best collecting-ground was there, I simply numbered 

 the reefs, and (with the exception of Reefs 17, 19, 20, and Little 

 Ledge) attempted no correlation with the section on the cliff. 

 Further work has shown that the reefs are not quite in simple 

 sequence, owing to two small faults which cause repetitions (see 

 fig. 1, p. 50). Thus, Reef 8 is on the same horizon as Reef 10, 

 and Reef 9 as Reefs 11 & 12. Also Reef 13 is repeated as Reef 15, 

 and Reef 14 as Reef 16. Therefore, it has been necessary to re- 

 adjust the numbers of the beds ; but, so far as possible, the original 

 numbers have been retained, and further subdivisions indicated by 

 adding a letter to the original number. Again, in the 25-inch 

 map published in 1914, the individual reefs were but approximately 

 marked. In the map (fig. 1) accompanying this paper their 

 positions are more accurately indicated, with the faults 2 and repe- 

 titions. The ammonite fauna, too, was but superficially treated 

 in the 1914 account, and only two important features stood out : 

 namely, the prevalence of Arnioceras in the lower part and the 

 occurrence in Reef 17 of ammonites there referred to Coroniceras, 

 but now recognized as A. alcinoe and allied species, and placed in 

 a new genus, Par arnioceras Spath. 



1 Proc. Geol. Assoc, vol. xxv, pp. 314-15. 



2 [The westernmost fault on the cliff is continuous with the line of fracture 

 across the reefs shown on the map (fig. 1) ; but it is possible that, on the reefs, 

 the actual fault runs more directly out to sea. — W.D.L., November 24th, 

 1922.-] 



Q.J.G. S. No. 313. E 



