358 MAJOE A. E. DWEEEYHOUSE ON THE [vol. lxxix, 



The Moraines. 



In the southern portion of the area is an enormous accumulation 

 of morainic material, for the greater part arranged in long ridges. 



Crossing the country from east to west, these ridges first become 

 conspicuous on the northern flanks of Crockaneel and Oghtbrista- 

 cree, between the Owencam River and the Greenan Water, whence 

 they extend in a south-westerly direction to the Glenshesk River, 

 which they cross at a point about 500 feet above the sea. 



West of Glenshesk the moraine is continued along the slopes of 

 Bohilbreaga, above a strongly-marked series of overflow-channels, 

 to be described later. 



The valley between Bohilbreaga and Croaghan on the south, and 

 Knocklayde on the north, shows numerous mounds of drift which 

 mark the continuation of the moraine ; but it is not until the 

 western end of the valley is reached, near the church and ancient 

 round tower of Armoy, that it again becomes a marked feature. 



From Armoy westwards by Gracehill, Stranocum, and Culra- 

 money to Ballymoney the moraine forms a prominent ridge or 

 series of ridges standing 100 feet above the plain on the north, 

 and deflecting many northward-flowing streams to the west. Thus 

 the Bush River, which flows into Armoy from the south, on 

 reaching the southern flank of the moraine turns abruptly west- 

 wards, as do also the Flesk Water and several smaller tributaries. 

 The river eventually breaks through the barrier at Stranocum. 



Farther west, the Breckagh Burn, Glenlough River, and Bally- 

 money River are similarly deflected, in this case into the Bann. 



At Ballymoney the moraine turns northwards, and runs along 

 the ridge of high ground that separates the lower portion of the 

 valley of the Bush from that of the Bann. 



The great moraine is the outermost and largest of a series of 

 frontal moraines, and probably represents the terminal moraine 

 of an ice-lobe which penetrated thus far during a re-advance of 

 the Scottish ice at a late stage of the glaciation. 



North of this Armoy-Ballymoney moraine are several other 

 ridges, smaller and not so clearly defined. Thus, a mile east of 

 Dervock is a ridge of gravel covered by contorted sands, with a 

 thin layer of boulder-clay on the top. The gravels contain basalt, 

 flint, chalk, vein-quartz, schist, quartzite, and an abundance of 

 Ailsa Craig eurite. This ridge appears to be continued north 

 of the Stracam River by the drift-mounds with similar contents 

 which occur near Toberdoney Cross Roads, on the road from 

 Dervock to Liscolman. 



Another ridge runs from Doughery Bridge, 2 miles north-west 

 of Armoy, northward to Kilmahamogue, while a further accumu- 

 lation occurs along the railway from Capecastle to within a mile 

 of Ballycastle, and extends across the valley westwards to Cool- 

 kenny. 



There are several extensive ballast-pits along this section of the 



