57S 



Mfi. £. J. WAYLAKi) A^D J3S. A. St. DATTES [vol. lxxix, 



Geology of Type-Localities. 



(1) Jaffna.- — The Jaffna peninsula is a rock-platform (plain 

 of marine denudation) covered with a bright red soil (locally 

 absent, however, as near Puttur) and fringed, especially along the 

 eastern coast, by sand-dunes. The highest part of the peninsula 

 is at Kirimalai, where a limestone and calcareous sandstone-hill 

 rises gently to an altitude of about 50 feet above the sea. 



Fig. 1. — Sketch- map of Ceylon and the adjacent part of India, 

 on the scale approximately of 1 : 7,500,000. 



Karikal 



Kirimalai # -Pt. Pedro 

 Pallai 



m 



Y 



Mannar" ^\> 



Arippu; __,^c^ 

 Kudremalai Pt.; 'Tekkam 



S.U.V, -^ / •Anuradhapiira 

 Kalpitaya Peninsula i ,' ,. 



SKETCH-MAP OF 



CEYLON Colombo 



AND ADJACENT PARTS OF 

 INDIA 



Weligama 



7S a E . 



[The dotted area is the low-lying limestone area of the Northern and North- 

 Western Provinces, within which are the outcrops of Miocene beds 

 yielding Orbiculina malabarica. The black areas are over 1000 feet 

 above sea-level, and correspond, in Ceylon, to Tennant's ' hill-country', 

 the area left blank being his ; maritime belt ', and the dotted areas his 

 ' Madrepore.' 



S.U.V. = Sinna Uppu Villu. Of the two unnamed rivers, the northern- 

 most, and shorter, is the Pomparippu river ; the other is the Kara Oya.] 



Practically the whole solid geology of the Jaffna peninsula, the 

 islands on the west, and much of the mainland on the south and 

 south-west, consists of a very light-coloured (usually creamy but 

 sometimes greyish) limestone. It varies in texture from a some- 

 what cellular material, occasionally full of corals, to a massive rock 



