Vol. 51.] AND PHYSICAL GEOLOGY OF THE WEST INDIES. 259 



Family ASTR^EID^E. 

 Subfamily Astejiidj: simplices. 

 Genus Lithophyllia, M.-Ed. & H., 1857. 

 Species 1. Lithophyllia lacera (Pallas), 1766. 



Synonymy ; — 



Madrepora lacera, Pallas, 1766, 'Elencli. Zooph.' pp. 298-299; Esper, 1789, 

 'Pflanzenth.' Bd. i. pp. 148-150, pi. xxv. fig. 2. 



Caryophyllia lacera, var. a, Ehrenberg, 1834, 'Cor. roth. Meer.' Abh. k. Akad. 

 Wiss. Berlin, 1832, p. 316 ; M.-Edwards & Haime, 1849, ' Monogr. Astr.' Ann. Sci. 

 Nat. Zool. se>. 3, t. xi. p. 237; iid. 1851, ' Polyp. Paleoz.' Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. 

 t..v. p. 72. 



Lithophyllia lacera, M.-Edwards & Haime, 1857, ' Hist. Nat. Cor.' t. ii. p. 291 ; 

 Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1861, ' Mem. Cor. Ant.' Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Tor. ser. 2, 

 t. xix. p. 343 ; iid. 1866, ' Suppl. Cor. Ant.' ibid. ser. 2, t. xxiii. p. 170 ; Duchassaing, 

 1870, ' Rev. Zooph. Ant.' p. 28 ; Quelch, 1886, ' Reef Corals,' Zool. ' Chall.' Exped. 

 pt. xlvi. p, 12 ; Ortmann, 1890, ' Morph. Skel. Steinkor.' Zeit. wiss. Zool. Bd. 1. 

 p. 291. 



Caryophyllia carduus pars, Lamarck, 1816, 'Hist. Nat. Anim. s. Vert.' t. ii. 

 p. 229; id. 1836, 'Hist. Nat.' ed. 2, t. ii. p. 357. 



Lithophyllia Argemone, Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1861, ' Mem. Cor. Ant.' Mem. 

 R. Accad. Sci. Tor. ser. 2, t. xix. p. 341, pi. ix. fig. 12, pi. x. fig. 15; iid. 1866, 

 'Suppl. Mem. Cor. Ant.' ibid. ser. 2, t. xxiii. p. 171; Duchassaing, 1870, 'Rev. 

 Zooph. Ant.' p. 28. 



Lithophyllia cylindrica, Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1861, ' Mem. Cor. Ant.' Mem. 

 R. Accad. Sci. Tor. ser. 2, t. xix. p. 344, pi. ix. figs. 17, 18; iid. 1866, 'Suppl. 

 Mem. Cor. Ant.' ibid. t. xxiii. p. 171 ; Duchassaing, 1870, ' Rev. Zooph. Ant.' p. 28 ; 

 Quelch, 1886, Zool. 'Chall.' Exped. pt. xlvi. p. 12. 



Lithophyllia radians, Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1866, op. jam cit. p. 171, pi. vii. 

 figs. 3,4; Duchassaing, 1870, ' Rev. Zooph. Ant.' p. 28 ; Quelch, 1886, op. cit. p. 12. 



Distribution. Recent : West Indies ; Florida. Fossil : Barbados : Low-level 

 Reefs. 



Species 2. Lithophyllia cubensis (M.-Ed. & H.). 



Synonymy : — 



Caryophyllia cubensis, M.-Edwards & Haime, 1849, 'Monogr. Astr.' Ann. Sci. 

 Nat. Zool. ser. 3, t. xi. p. 238. 



Lithophyllia cubensis, M.-Edwards & Haime, 1857, ' Hist. Nat. Cor.' t. ii. p. 292 ; 

 Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1861, ' Mem. Cor. Ant.' Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Tor. ser. 2, 

 t. xix. p. 343, pi. v. fig. 10 ; iid. 1866, ' Suppl. Mem. Cor. Ant.' ibid. ser. 2, t. xxiii. 

 p. 170 ; Duchassaing, 1870, ' Rev. Zooph. Ant.' p. 28 ; Pourtales, 1871, ' Deep-Sea 

 Corals,' 111. Cat. Mus. Comp. Zool. no. iv. p. 70 ; Quelch, 1886, ' Reef Corals,' Zool. 

 ' Chall.' Exped. pt. xlvi. p. 12. 



Lithophyllia dubia, Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1861, op. jam cit. p. 344, pi. ix. 

 fig. 15 ; iid. 1866, op. jam cit. p. 171 ; Duchassaing, 1870, 'Rev. Zooph. Ant.' p. 28 ; 

 Pourtales, 1871, ' Deep-Sea Corals,' 111. Cat. Mus. Comp. Zool. no. iv. p. 70 ; Quelch, 

 1886, ' Reef Corals,' Zool. ' Chall.' Exped. pt. xlvi. p. 12. 



Lithophyllia multilamellosa , Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1866, Suppl., op. jam 

 cit. p. 171, pi. viii. fig. 12; Duchassaing, 1870, ' Rev. Zooph. Ant.' p. 28. 



Montlivaltia ponderosa, non M.-Edw. & Haime, Duncan, 1863, ' West Ind. Cor.' 

 pt. i., Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xix. pp. 441, 442, pi. xvi. fig. 6. 



Antillia ponderosa, non M.-Edw. & Haime, Duncan, 1864, ' West Ind. Cor.' pt. ii. 

 ibid. vol. xx. p. 28, pi. v. fig. 5; id. 1868, ' West Ind. Cor.' pt. iv. ibid. vol. xxiv. 

 p. 23. 



Antillia explanata, Pourtales, 1874, ' Hassler Corals,' 111. Cat. Mus. Comp. Zool. 

 no. viii. p. 42, pi. vii. figs. 4-6 ; A. Agassiz, 1888, ' Three Cruises of the ' Blake,' ' Bull. 

 Mus. Comp. Zool. vol. xv. p. 154, fig. 478. 



Distribution. Recent : West Indies ; Florida. Fossil : Barbados : Low-level 

 Reefs ; Jamaica. 



Notes on the Species. — The Lithophyllia multilamellosa of Duchas- 

 saing & Michelotti is shown by the figure which they give to be 

 very closely allied to the type-form. The figure of their L. dubia 



