Vol. 51.] AND PHYSICAL GEOLOGY OF THE WEST INDIES. 265 



Mceandrina areolata, Lamarck, 1816, ' Hist. Nat. Anim. s. Vert.' t. ii. p. 247 ; 

 Lesueur, 1820, ' Polyp. Lam.' Mem. Mus. Hist. Nat. t. vi. pp. 283-284, pi. xvi. fig. 11 ; 

 Lamouroux, 1821, ' Expos. M<5th.' p. 55, pi. xlvii. figs. 4, 5 ; Blainville, 1823, 

 ' Meandrine,' Diet. Sci. Nat. t. xxix. p. 376 ; Deslongchamps, 1824, ' Encycl. Meth., 

 Zooph.'p. 508; Blainville, 1834, ' Man. Act.' p. 357; Duchassaing, 1847, 'Const, 

 geol. Guad.' Bull. Soc. geol. France, ser. 2, t. iv. p. 1095 ; Duchassaing, 1855, ' Form, 

 mod. Guad.' Bull. Soc. geol. France, ser. 2, t. xii. p. 756. 



Manicina areolata, Ehrenberg, 1834, 'Cor. roth. Meer.' Abh. k. Akad. Wiss. 

 Berlin, 1832, p. 327 ; Leuckart, 1841, ' Zooph. Corall. speciatim Fungia,' p. 61, pi. iii. 

 figs. 3, 4; Dana, 1848, ' Zooph. Explor. Exped. Wilkes,' vol. viii. p. 191, pi. ix. fig. 3 ; 

 M. -Edwards & Haime, 1849, ' Monogr. Astr.' Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. s6r. 3, t. xi. p. 286 ; 

 iid. 1851, ' Polyp. Pateoz.' Arch. Mus. Hist. Nat. t. v. p. 91 ; iid. 1857, ' Hist. Nat. 

 Cor.' t. ii. p. 397; Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1861, ' Mem. Cor. Ant.' Mem. R. 

 Accad. Sci. Tor. ser. 2, t. xix. p. 350 ; Verrill, 1864, ' List of Corals,' Bull. Mus. 

 Comp. Zool. vol. i. p. 48; Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1866, 'Suppl. Mem. Cor. 

 Ant.' Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Tor. ser. 2, t. xxiii. p. 176 ; Duncan, 1868, ' Foss. Cor. 

 W. Ind.' pt. iv., Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxiv. p. 16 ; Pourtales, 1871, 'Deep- 

 Sea Corals,' 111. Cat. Mus. Comp. Zool. no. iv. p. 72; Duncan, 1873, 'Old Tert. 

 W. Ind.' Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xxix. p. 555 ; Pourtales, 1880, ' Flor. Reefs,' 

 Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. vol. vii. no. 1, pis. v., vi. figs. 1-6 ; Quelch, 1886, ' Reef 

 Corals,' Zool. 'Chall.' Exped. pt. xlvi. pp. 90-91 ; Wilson, 1888, ' Development, etc' 

 Journ. Morph. vol. ii. pp. 191-252, pis. i.-vii. ; Ortmann, 1888, 'Stud. Verbr. Stein- 

 kor.' Zool. Jahrb. Bd. iii., Syst. p. 171; non A. Agassiz, 1890, 'Rate of Growth,' 

 Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. vol. xx. p. 62, pi. iii. 



Madrepora mceandrites (pars), Esper, 1788, ' Pflanzenth.' pp. 76-84, pi. iv., not 

 pi. iv. a. 



Manicina mceandrites, Dana, 1848, 'Zooph. Explor. Exped. Wilkes,' p. 193. 



Manicina prcerupta, Ehrenberg, 1834, ' Cor. roth. Meer.' p. 327. 



Mceandrina pectinata (pars), Schweigger, 1820, ' Handb. Naturg.' p. 420. 



Distribution. Recent : West Indies, Florida, Cape of Good Hope (fide Quelch), 

 Indian Ocean and Australia (fide Ortmann) . Fossil: Barbados: Low-level Reefs, 

 near Bridgetown (Mitchinson Coll.) ; San Domingo, Nivaje' Shale; St. Bartholomew 

 (horizon ?) ; Guadeloupe (newer and older reefs). 



Genus M^andrina, Lamarck, 1801. 

 Species M^andrina filograna (Esper). 



Synonymy : — 



Madrepora filograna, Esper, 1789, ' Pflanzenth.' Bd. i. pp. 139-140, pi. xxii. 

 figs. 1, 2. 



Mceandrina filograna, Lamarck, 1816, ' Hist. Nat. Anim. s. Vert.' t. ii. p. 248 ; 

 Blainville, 1823, ' Meandrine,' Diet. Sci. Nat. t. xxix. p. 377 ; Deslongchamps, 1824, 

 'Encycl. M£th., Zooph.'p. 509; Blainville, 1830, 'Zooph.' Diet. Sci. Nat. t. Ix. 

 p. 323; id. 1834, ' Man. Act.' p. 358; Lamarck, 1836, ' Hist. Nat. Anim. s. Vert.' 

 ed. 2, t. ii. p. 389 ; Michelin, 1842, ' Icon. Zooph.' p. 56, pi. xi. fig. 7; Dana, 1848, 

 ' Zooph. Explor. Exped. Wilkes,' vol. viii. p. 262 ; M.-Edwards & Haime, 1848, 

 ' Classif. deux tribus Astr.' Compt. Rend. t. xxvii. p. 493 ; iid. 1849, ' Monogr. Astr.' 

 Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool. se>. 3, t. xi. pp. 280-281 ; iid. 1851, ' Polyp. Paleoz.' Arch. Mus. 

 Hist. Nat. t. v. p. 90 ; iid. 1857, ' Hist. Nat. Cor.' t. ii. pp. 390-391 ; Duchassaing & 

 Michelotti, 1861, ' Mem. Cor. Ant.' Mem. R. Accad. Sci. Tor. ser. 2, t. xix. p. 350 ; 

 Duncan, 1863, ' West Ind. Cor.' pt. i., Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xix. p. 433; 

 Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1866, ' Suppl. M6m. Cor. Ant.' Mem. R. Accad. Sci. 

 Tor. ser. 2, t. xxiii. p. 175; Duchassaing, 1870, 'Rev. Zooph. Ant.' p. 29; Lind- 

 strom, 1877, ' Contrib. Act. Atl.' Handl. k. Svensk. Vet. -Akad. Bd. xiv. no. 6, p. 22. 



Madrepora clivosa, Ellis & Solander, 1786, 'Nat. Hist. Zooph.' p. 163. 



Mceandrina clivosa, Verrill, 1864, 'List of Corals,' Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. vol. i. 

 p. 48 ; Pourtales, 1871, ' Deep-Sea Corals,' 111. Cat. Mus. Comp. Zool. no. iv. p. 74 ; 

 Lindstrom, 1877, ' Contrib. Act. Atl.' p. 22 ; Ortmann, 1888, ' Stud. Verbr. Steinkor.' 

 Zool. Jahrb. Bd. iii., Syst. p. 170. 



Mceandrina strigosa, Dana, 1848, op. jam cit. -p. 257, pi. xiv. fig. 4; Verrill, 1864, 

 op. jam cit. p. 49 ; Pourtales, 1871, op. jam cit. p. 74 ; id. 1880, ' Florida Reefs,' 

 Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool. vol. vii. no. 1, pi. ix. figs-. 6-9 ; Quelch, 1886, ' Reef Corals,' 

 Zool. 'Chall.' Exped. pt. xlvi. pp. 92-94; Heilprin, 1890, 'Coral. W. Gulf Mex.' 

 Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil. p. 306 ; non Bassett-Smith, 1890, ' Corals Tizard & 

 Maccl. Bks.' Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. ser. 6, vol. vi. p. 370. 



