512 MK. E. T. NEWTON ON POSSIL HUMAN REMAINS [Aug. 1895, 



The skulls from Perthi Chwareu above mentioned, as described 

 by Prof. Busk, are less like the Galley Hill skull, inasmuch as their 

 breadth-index (•72-*78) places them quite at the opposite extreme 

 of the Neolithic race and brings them into nearer relation with the 

 Pound Barrow people, in which the breadth-index is from '74-*89. 

 Moreover, the Perthi Chwareu skulls do not show any tendency to 

 synostosis of the sagittal suture. 



The skull from the river-gravel at Tilbury, described by Sir 

 Pichard Owen, 1 whatever may be its age, 2 is unlike the Galley Hill 

 cranium in both upper and side views ; its exceedingly heavy brows 

 approach those of the Neanderthal skull, but the forehead is fuller 

 and more prominent. 



Among the skulls referred to by Prof. Huxley in the ' Prehistoric 

 Bemains from Caithness,' 3 that from the bed of the river Nore at 

 Borris, Ireland, presents many points of resemblance to the Galley 

 Hill specimen : — ' The supraciliary ridges are prominent, the fore- 

 head retreating, the probole large, and the superior curved line 

 and occipital spine well marked ' ; besides this, the skull is much 

 depressed, and when seen from behind has flattened and nearly 

 vertical side-walls. The breadth-index is *737 and the height-index 

 •68. Although the Borris skull is broader than that from Galley 

 Hill, yet in other respects it makes a near approach to the latter. 



2. Continental Fossil Human Remains. 



"Within the last ten years two remarkable human skeletons have 

 been discovered in a cave at Spy, near Goyet, Namur, Belgium. 

 They were found in such relation with remains of extinct mammals 

 (ElepTias primigenius and Rhinoceros tichorhinus) and flint-imple- 

 ments as to leave little room for doubt that they are of Palaeolithic 

 age. These human remains form the subject of an elaborate memoir 

 by MM. Julien Fraipont and Max Lohest : 4 the skulls and other 

 bones being described in minute detail and compared with the 

 Neanderthal and other fossil human remains, which are believed by 

 the authors to belong to the same Palaeolithic race. 



The two skulls from Spy are remarkable for the great development 

 of the supraciliary ridges and for their receding foreheads ; the 

 latter character being especially marked in one of them, which in 

 consequence agrees very closely with the famous Neanderthal calvaria. 

 Seen from above, these two skulls further agree with that from the 

 Neanderthal in being narrow behind the orbits ; but they have broad 

 and inflated parietals. Their breadth-indices are in one case *70, 



1 ' Antiquity of Man as deduced from the Discovery of a Human Skeleton, 

 etc.,' 8vo. Loudon, 1884. 



' l Holmes, T. V., ' Notes on the Geological Position of the Human Skeleton 

 lately foundat the Tilbury Docks, Essex,' Trans. Essex Field-Club, vol. iv. (1885) 

 p. li$5. 



3 By Samuel Laing, with Notes on the Human Remains by Thomas 

 H. Huxley, 8vo. London, 1866. 



4 ' La Kace Humaine de Neanderthal, etc.,' Archiv. d. Eiologie, vol. vii. (1887) 

 p. 587. 



