38 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [Nov. 24, 
pula and the coracoid, and the crested and broad sternum, of the 
Pterosawria are marks of affinity with birds, as strong as those 
which the hind limb and pelvis present in the Ornithoscelida. But I 
think this argumentation is invalid; for the shoulder-girdle of an 
ostrich or of an apteryx is more similar to that of an Ornithoscelidan 
than it is to that of a Pterodactyle, these special peculiarities of the 
shoulder-girdle, like the crest of the sternum, having relation to 
physiological action, and not to affinity. If the strongly crested 
sternum and the acute angulation of the union of the scapula and 
coracoid were marks of ornithie affinity, they would be found in all 
birds. The contrary is true: they are found only in those birds 
which fly ; and the crest exists in bats, which cannot be said to have 
any affinity with birds. 
On the other hand, the peculiarities of the hind limb and pelvis 
which the Ornithoscelida share with birds are found in all birds. 
tt may be said that all birds stand upon their hinder feet, and that, 
as the Ornithoscehda did the same, the resemblance of structure 
arises from a resemblance of function. But I doubt if the majority 
of the Dimosauria stood more habitually upon their hind limbs than 
Kangaroos or Jerboas do; and unless there was some genetic con- 
nexion between the two, I see no reason why the hind limbs of 
Ornithoscelida should resemble those of birds more than they resem- 
ble those of kangaroos. 
Finally, with regard to the sternum, although there is no like- 
lihood that the Ornithoscelida possessed a crested sternum, yet there 
is some evidence that they were provided with a very broad and ex- 
panded breast-bone, more like that of a bird than it is lke that of 
any reptile. I shall discuss this evidence below, in speaking of 
the Dinosaurian remains discovered by Plieninger in the Trias near 
Stuttgart. 
Il. Tae Drvosavria oF THE TRIAS. 
ConTENTS. 
. Dinosauria from the Trias of Central Europe. 
. Dinosauria from the Trias of Britain. 
. Dinosauria from the Trias of the Ural Mountains and India. 
. Dinosauria from the Trias of North America. 
. The Arctogzeal province constituted in Triassic Times. 
Oe Co bo 
1. Dryosavria from the Trias of Germany and Central Europe. 
The first recognition of the occurrence in the Trias of Dinosaurian 
remains as such, with which I am acquainted, is contained in the 
following extract from a letter, addressed by H. von Meyer to 
Bronn, and published in the ‘ Jahrbuch’ for 1857. 
« Dr. Engelhardt, of Nuremberg, brought to the meeting of Na- 
turalists in Stuttgart some bones of a gigantic animal from a brec- 
ciated sandstone of the Upper Keuper of his neighbourhood. He 
had the kindness to submit to me all the bones which had been 
obtained. I have already examined them, and have drawn the best, 
which consisted of almost entire limb-bones and of vertebre. 
“The discovery is extremely interesting. The bones belong to a 
