1870. | LLOYD—AVON AND SEVERN VALLEYS. 205 
A (1). Quartzose flinty gravel and sand (usually stratified), “ Ge- 
neral Flinty Drift ” of Strickland. 
B (2). Boulder-clay. A stiff, compact mass of sandy unstratified 
clay or earth, varying from a slaty blue to a purple colour, full of 
grooved and striated boulders of blue Lias limestone, white Chalk, 
and white Lias limestone, smoothed and polished pebbles of quartz- 
ite, showing fine strie on their surfaces, scratched subangular 
flints, and subangular blocks of syenite. In places there are “thin 
seams and lenticular masses of quartzose sand imbedded in it. 
B (2). A light-red, sandy, unstratified clay, compact and hard, 
containing quartzose pebbles and a few boulders, which occasionally 
exhibit traces of glacial action. In places the colour of the clay 
changes to a dark brown or chocolate tint. 
C (3). Laminated clay of brown and green colours. 
D (4). Laminated sand of a light red colour. 
KE (5). Clean, quartzose flinty gravel and sharp sand, containing 
gryphites much water-worn, and other derivative fossils (unstrati- 
fied). 
F. “ General quartzose Drift” of Strickland, or “‘ Northern Drift ” 
of Sir R.I. Murchison. It consists, as far as I have been able to 
ascertain, of a red compact loam, and light-red quartzose sand, 
which contain quartzite pebbles and fragments of other rocks (mainly 
unstratified), viz. of white quartz, felstone, flints, &c. 
Lower Series, ranging from 300 feet to 50 feet above the level of 
the sea :— 
G. “General Flinty Drift” of Strickland. Beds of quartzose 
flinty gravel, generally unstratified, but occasionally showing a stra- 
tified arrangement in the lowest and uppermost beds. 
H. “ Local Drift” of Strickland, principally composed of detri- 
tus from the Oolitic rocks in its immediate vicinity, with a small 
proportion of quartzose pebbles, sand, and flints. The beds are 
stratified, and contain in places marine shells and mammalian re- 
mains. 
Freshwater Deposits, ranging from about 290 feet near Rugby to 
somewhat near 30 feet above the level of the sea:— = 
Quartzose flinty gravel and sand, with occasional seams 
of clay. Land and freshwater 
Light-red loam or brick-earth. shells and mamma- 
Peat. lian remains. 
Modern alluvium. 
The above classification may appear to many needlessly detailed ; 
but I have adopted it after a good deal of consideration, as being 
one which, I think, is best adapted for excluding all theoretical 
assumptions regarding the relative connexion and sequence in point 
of time of the different classes into which I have divided the drifted 
deposits. In some cases the apparent absence of certain beds and 
the non-occurrence of marine shells and mammalian remains rest 
entirely on negative evidence, which future investigations may 
modify. 
The late Professor Strickland divided what he called the marine 
