1870. ] LLOYD—AVON AND SEVERN VALLEYS. 209 
the escarpment the outer edges of the freshwater beds are seen to 
rest. On the north-west side of the Avon isolated patches of the 
same class of deposits are found on the upper side of the valley 
of the Arrow, near Donnington, on the summits of Green Hill, 
Evesham, Mount Pleasant, Pershore, and on the commons of Shut- 
hanger and Shoebarrow, near Tewkesbury. They may be: said to 
consist, for the most part, of red loam and sand, containing pebbles 
of white quartz, quartzite, and felstone, associated with a consider- 
able percentage of black flints, which seem, in many cases, but 
slightly water-worn, besides numerous angular flake-like fragments 
of a whitish siliceous substance, which appear to be composed either 
of flint or chert. At Bengeworth Hill and Green Hill, near Eves- 
ham, the beds average 5 feet in thickness; at the former locality 
the surface of Blue Lias clay on which they rest is much eroded ; 
their maximum thickness, wherever I have had an opportunity of 
measuring them, was about 15 feet. 
At Berry’s Coppice, near Donnington, and on Cropthorne Heath, 
an unstratified bed of ferruginous gravel contains, in its upper part, 
small pockets and accretions of a light-coloured siliceous sand, mixed 
with pebbles (fig. 4). In one part of the pit on Cropthorne Heath 
I observed a pocket of ferruginous gravel without any intermixture 
of the whitish sand, in which the pebbles were arranged principally 
with their longer axes variously inclined, accommodating them- 
selves, as it were, to the truncated conical form of the pocket. In 
the section a singular ridge and furrow-like outline of the stratified 
Fig. 4.—South Face of Gravel-pit on Cropthorne Heath. 
Cc 
Wie ALJ 
a, Light grey vegetable soil with a few pebbles. 6. Fine gravel. c. Red sand. 
d. Fine gravel. e. Red and white sand. jf. Coarse ferruginous gravel and 
loamy sand. g. Blue Lias clay. 
=: 
UMMM 
portion of the beds is seen, the red sand of which is of a lighter 
colour than that of the bed below. The pebbles appear to be alike 
in character throughout the deposit. At Berry’s Coppice the highly 
inclined position of the pebbles in the ferruginous gravel is seen 
extending throughout a considerable portion of the section. In the 
same locality stratified sand and gravel was seen near the bottom of 
the pit. In the seams composed partly of whitish and partly of red 
