& 
1870. ] . LLOYD—-AVON AND SIVERN VALLEYS. 221 
Marine shells and Mammalian remains.—A carefully compiled 
list of the marine shells from the drift at Strethill is given in Mr. 
Maw’s paper before mentioned. In the foregoing table of localities 
I have distinguished them by the following marks:— + * Marine 
shells and Mammalian remains; * Marine shells without Mam- 
malian remains; €) Mammalian remains without marine shells. 
They represent the substance of the information which I have 
derived from various sources, and the truth of which may require 
verification. The localities where marine shells have been hitherto 
most abundantly met with are situated between Shrewsbury and 
Bridgnorth, whilst the mammalian remains have been at present 
confined exclusively to the part of the valley lying between Wor- 
cesterand Tewkesbury—the intermediate area betweenthe St. James’s 
pits below Bridgnorth and Northwick near Worcester not having 
yielded any recorded examples of either class of remains, as far as 
have been able to ascertain. According to Mr. Maw’s account, 
fragments of shells were found in the sandy unstratified clay at 
Strethill. In the museum at Worcester are a few fragmentary 
specimens labelled Turritella communis, Purpura lapillus, Cy- 
prina islandica, &c., which were procured by the late Mr. Jabez 
Allies, of Worcester, from Kempsey, Bromwich Hill, &c. I have 
myself collected a few fragmentary shells from the grey shingly 
gravel and sand at Kempsey and Upton-on-Severn. Mr. Allies, in 
a pamphlet on “ Particulars of a Stratum of Coal at Powick and 
Bromwich Hill,” mentions that at the latter place “a fragment of a 
bone of some large animal, which lay on the top of the marl (Red), 
together with a rhinoceros’s tooth, and several recent species of 
marine shells, were dug out from the bottom of the gravel, at a 
depth of about 12 feet from the surface.” He also says that “ four 
teeth of a rhinoceros have been lately dug out from the bottom of a 
pit at Fleet’s Bank, Sandlin, besides sea-shells, a coronary bone of a 
horse, teeth, and a fragmentary horn of a deer,” 
Some years back, portions of a tusk, and teeth of a species of 
Elephant were dug out on the site of the Imperial Hotel, Great 
Malvern. According to Prof. Dawkins’s list, the remains hitherto 
found in drift beds of the Severn valley belong to the following 
species of Mammalia :—Rhinoceros tichorhinus and Hlephas pri- 
migenius. 
Recapitulation of the principal Facts——Commencing with the 
Avon valley and district, I have endeavoured to show that the Blue 
Lias clay of the higher ground, for some distance on each side of 
the valley, and in some of the minor valleys near Rugby, is covered 
extensively by a Boulder-clay, above which is found a stratified 
deposit of quartzose flinty gravel, whilst beneath it a thick bed of 
finely laminated sand forms the lowest stratum hitherto discovered. 
In the district of the New Red marl, a red unstratified sandy clay, 
and beds of quartzose gravel containing a few flints, are found in 
place of the purple-coloured Boulder-clay and stratified flinty gra- 
vel above referred to, underneath which the laminated sand occurs 
also as far as the hills of Cracombe and Charlton, On the north 
