1870.] DUNCAN—AUSTRALIAN CORALS. 293 
7 feet blue sandy clay, with a few small quartz pebbles scattered 
through it, and no fossils ; 20 feet yellow, red, and grey sandy clay, 
with no fossils; total 27 feet. Above this, 100 feet Postpliocene 
calcareous sandstone. About ten chains further west, we find upper 
Miocene beds full of fossils, consisting of hard, sandy ironstone, 
about 4 feet in thickness, resting on a bed of ferruginous pebble 
conglomerate ; this, again, rests on a loose ferruginous sandy bed, at 
high-water mark. The most abundant fossils of the upper bed are 
a large Pecten and the large branching Cellepora gambierensis. The 
pebbles of the conglomerate consist of rolled fragments of Miocene 
clay, containing fossils; these are mingled with broken-up frag- 
ments of fossils and loose sand. This is the only pebble-conglo- 
merate I have seen in the Miocene strata. Unfortunately it could 
not be traced beyond this point, owing to the fallen masses of the 
more recent Tertiary sandstone. A little further to the west we 
come on to a dark slate-coloured stiff clay, very rich in fossils, chiefly 
univalves. Among the principal ones are very fine specimens of 
Cyprea, Voluta, Fusus, Pleurotoma, Cerithium, &c.; these fossils 
I have labelled No. 9 [see List of Corals, No.9 p. 312]. A section 
about three miles west of the Gellibrand affords, above high-water 
mark :—40 feet dark blue stiff clay, the same as that just mentioned, 
abounding in fossils; 32 feet rather hard yellowish calcareous clay, 
containing very few fossils; above this about 75 feet Postpliocene 
calcareous sandstone. This section is taken nearly at the apex of 
an anticlinal curve of the Miocene strata, which now dip N.W. at 
5° for nearly a mile, when they become nearly horizontal, and are 
seen to be about 100 feet thick, with 20 feet more or less of 
Pliocene red clay, resting unconformably on them. These beds evi- 
dently belong to the Lower Miocene series. ‘They very much re- 
semble, both in their composition and the character of their fossils, 
the strata composing the cliff in the Orphan-Asylum Reserve, at 
Fyan’s Ford, near Geelong. From here the strata gently undulate 
until within a short distance of Curdie’s Inlet, when they dip to 
the west and disappear at sea-level. A section at the mouth of a 
ereek about a mile west of the Sherbrook river gives, above sea- 
level :—6 feet hard yellow limestone, containing very few fossils ; 
30 feet bluish clay, rich in fossils; 54 feet yellow calcareous clay 
with fossils; 10 to 15 feet Pliocene red sandy clay. The fossils 
from these beds, labelled No. 10, which may be classed as belong- 
ing to the lower portion of the middle series, consist chiefly of 
bivalves. At Port Campbell the cliffs are principally composed of 
beds of yellow sandy limestone, and yellowish-white calcareous 
clay, which dip S.W. at 5°; they contain very few fossils. The 
uniformity in the colour of these beds, and the dim traces of strati- 
fication, render it difficult to ascertain the thickness of each bed. 
They exhibit numerous ‘faults’ in the cliff-sections; in the short 
distance of a mile I observed five or six of them. 
“The cliffs at the mouth of Curdie’s Inlet are only from thirty to 
forty feet high, composed entirely of a soft yellow limestone, con- 
taining very few fossils, excepting two or three small species of 
