1870. ] - OWEN—CHINESE FOSSIL MAMMALS. 497 
Dimensions of p 3 in ...... Tapirus priscus.  T. sinensis. T. malayanus. 
in. lines. in. lines. in. lines. 
Greatest transverse diameter 0 112 it 3 IL 1 
Antero-posterior diameter... 0 102 He Gini 
Among minor differences may be noted a better development in 
the Chinese tooth of the inner extension of the hind part of the 
cingulum (7’), and a ridged production of opposite sides of the con- 
tiguous bases of the two elongate compressed conical lobes (¢, d) at 
their inner ends, meeting, as it were, to close the inner entry to their 
dividing valley, e. 
Compared with Tapirus priscus, from the Eppelsheim miocene, the 
Chinese tooth is still larger than it is in comparison with the Suma- 
tran species, and its transverse extension of crown is greater; the 
degree is given in the above admeasurements*. The fangs are 
broken away from this premolar; and in the hollow of the post- 
external root were crystals, determined by my friend and colleague, 
Professor Maskelyne, to be calcite in complete scalenohedra, a 
form or condition of carbonate of lime commonly met with in lime- 
stone caves. This was satisfactory in the degree in which it was 
confirmatory of the statement that the fossils were from a cave. 
The next molar, in the degree of transverse contraction of the 
hinder half of the crown, answers to the penultimate molar, m 2; it 
is from the left side; the pulp-cavity, exposed by the breaking away 
of the fang, is partially filled with a reddish earth. 
Dimensions of m 2 in...... Tapirus priscus. T. sinensis. TT. malayanus. 
in, lines. in. lines. in. lines. 
Transverse diameter... ... 1 0 1 3 1 2 
Antero-posterior diameter... 0 10 yee 1 ) 
The part of the cingulum continued inward from that which 
bends up the back part of the rear ridge is better developed in 
Tapirus sinensis than in Tapirus malayanus. 
The third upper molar (Pl. XXVIII. fig. 9) is the last of the right 
side, and repeats the differential characters, as to size, of the two pre- 
ceding molars, as compared with Tapirus malayanus and T.. priscus. 
The antexternal root is preserved, part of the postexternal one, and 
the base of the confluent pair supporting the inner side of the crown 
(c, d); in the cavity of the fang, exposed by fracture, were also 
crystals of calcite. The divergence of the outer and inner fangs 
carries the transverse breadth of that part of the tooth much beyond 
the same diameter of the crown. 
In the left lower penultimate premolar, p 3 (PI. XXIX. fig. 6), be- 
sides a difference of size as compared with its homologue in Tapirus 
malayanus, there is a marked superiority of development of the 
ridge (t), continued from the outer angle of the anterior lobes (@) for- 
ward and inward, circumscribing a cavity in front of that lobe,—also 
in the height of the corresponding ridge from the outer angle of the 
* Tt may also be estimated by comparing fig. 8, Pl. XX VIIT. with fig. 9, p. 231, 
‘Quarterly Journal of the Geological Society,’ vol. xii. 1856, “ Upper molar ot 
Tapirus priscus, from the Crag of Suffolk.” Syn 
G 
