1870.] coDRINGTON—HAMPSHIRE AND ISLE-OF-WIGHT GRAVELS. 933 
on the opposite or Netley side of the water there is a low gravel- 
capped cliff, 10 or 20 feet above the sea-level, from which the 
ground rises at first rather sharply to 60 feet, and then gradually 
to an escarpment from 200 to 300 feet high, overlooking ground to 
the north-eastward 140 or 160 feet lower in level (sections Nos. 2 and 
6). This escarpment extends from Chilworth, by Bitterne, Bursledon 
Mill, and Sarisbury Green, to the Titchfield river. It varies in 
height from 304 feet at Chilworth, to 150 feet near Titchfield, and 
is roughly parallel to Southampton Water and the coast-line. The 
surface is very generally covered with gravel or brick-earth, except 
where it has been removed by fluviatile action; and the rivers 
Itchen and Hamble and the Titchfield river cut through the table- 
land exactly as the Boldre and Beaulieu rivers do on their way to 
the Solent, so that Southampton Water bears the same relation to 
the former rivers as the Solent does to the latter. The bottom of 
the Itchen valley is shown in section No. 6 through Southampton 
to Chilworth and Chandler’s Ford. About Shirley, Chilworth, and 
Toot Hill the carving out of deep valleys in sloping tableland is as 
remarkable as near Bramshaw telegraph. 
The river Test, which is by far the most considerable of the rivers 
flowing into Southampton Water, is bordered on the west, near Rom- 
sey, by high ground covered with gravel, which, near Shootash, at- 
tains a height of 275 feet above the sea, or 240 feet above the Test 
valley. From Shootash a gravel-covered crest runs northwards for 
two miles, having low ground on the west and a‘’gradual slope 
towards the river ;.and high land covered with gravel extends for 
three miles to the south of Shootash, at an elevation of upwards of 
140 feet above the valley. 
At Cadbury Farm, one mile north-east of Mottisfont and five 
miles above Romsey, is a patch of gravel 15 feet thick, about 270 
feet above the sea, and nearly 200 feet above the river, which 
appears to be an outlier of the gravel just described. 
On the east of the Test, opposite the high gravels of Shootash, 
extensive gravel-covered surfaces occur at from 80 to 100 feet above 
the river, between which and a lower level of gravel a well-defined 
step is observable. About Redbridge there are gravel flats at a 
low level, which, towards Southampton, appear to join the sheet of 
gravel which covers the sloping tableland, and extends up to the 
escarpment. 
Bordering on the Itchen, between Bishopstoke and Swathling, is 
a great bed of gravel at about 20 feet above the river. Lower 
down the river, where it traverses the high ground, there are 
gravels at the same level, cut off from the gravel covering the plain 
by a bare slope. Near the confluence of the river with Southampton 
Water the gravel covering the tableland and the valley-grayel of 
the Itchen appear to join. 
To the east of the Hamble river the tableland of Titchfield com- 
mon is separated from the lower ground of Chilling and Brunage 
by a tolerably well-defined step, which extends beyond the Titch- 
field river, and is shown in section No. 7 from Brunage and section 
