1870.] CcoDRINGTON—HAMPSHIRE AND ISLE-OF-WIGHT GRAVELS, 543 
of the Brighton Beach, the extension of which has been traced west- 
wards by Mr. Prestwich* to Avisford, Goodwood, and Bourne 
Common, fourteen and a half miles to the N.N.E. of the Foreland 
gravel}. The brick-earth corresponds in position with the rubble- 
bed with elephant remains over the old beach at Brighton, and with 
the similar bed with land shells over the Sangatte beach. The main 
mass appears to fill up an old channel cut through the shingle, and 
its highest part could hardly have been deposited much above the 
level of the sea, which, as the shingle shows, must have been near. 
A rise of land to the extent of 70 or 80 feet appears, therefore, to 
have taken place since the deposition of the brick-earth in which the 
flint implement was imbedded. The peat-beds, and the gravel and 
brick-earth over them, must have been formed at or above their pre- 
sent level and subsequent to the upheayal. 
TV. GeneRAL ConstIDERATIONS. 
In entering upon the consideration of the conditions under which 
the gravels of the district now under notice were deposited, it will 
be convenient to take as a starting-point the great gravel-covered 
flat of southern Sussex. The marine character of this gravel has 
been shown by Mr. Dixont, Mr. Godwin-Austen§, and others. At 
Pagham, Bracklesham, and Selsea it overlies the mud-deposit with 
shells of southern species (Pecten polymorphus &c.) and the remains 
of Elephas antiquus, and contains ice-transported boulders of granite, 
porphyry, syenite, and paleozoic rocks. The gravel covering Port- 
sea Island is the same in level, and also contains similar boulders. 
Passing across Portsmouth Harbour, the gravel between Gosport 
and Southampton Water lies at the same level, and is apparently a 
continuation of the others. It presents, however, a more fluviatile 
appearance, and large blocks of sarsen-stone brought down from 
inland, and lying in contorted gravel, take the place of the granitic 
boulders of Selsea and Portsea, and are equally indicative of the 
glacial conditions under which the beds were deposited. 
To the northward of this low tract lie the beach-deposits described 
by Mr. Prestwich ||, containing marine shells at from 80 to 100 feet 
above the sea-level at Waterbeach, near Goodwood, and extending 
westward to Bourne Common; the high ground, with gravel, shown 
in section No. 9; and, passing by Portsdown Hill, which rises im- 
mediately from the low ground, the corresponding level shown in 
sections Nos. 8 and 7, separated from the lower tract by a steeper 
slope or step. 
* Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xv. p. 315. 
+ There seems to be some reason to believe that a raised beach may exist at 
Bonchurch. Mr. Wilkins mentions the fact that the jaw-bone of a young 
whale and part of the skull of an elephant were found in drift at Horseshoe 
ay. 
t Dixon’s Geology, &c., of Sussex. 
§ Quart. Journ. Geol. Soe. vol. xiii. p. 50. 
|| Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. xv. p. 215. 
