1870. ] GUNN—FOREST-BED AND CHILLESFORD CLAY. 501 
described by Mr. Codrington on the slope between Canterbury and 
Herne Bay as indicative of the presence of a large river. He agreed 
with the author in considering that the white gravel was produced 
by the decolorization of the red; and remarked that it was unusual 
to find angular gravels of thoroughly marine type. 
Mr. C. Moorr remarked that the gravels and brick-earths from 
Salisbury westward are all of freshwater origin, and contain the 
remains of frogs in great abundance, together with freshwater shells, 
bones of Arvicole, &e. 
Sir Cuartes Lyztt was inclined to ascribe the formation of the 
gravels described to the sudden melting of snow in great quantities. 
He referred to the presence of sarsen-stones as indicating that there 
was force enough to carry large masses. 
Prof, Ramsay referred to the great denudation of Eocene strata 
which must have taken place before the present form of the land 
was produced, as implying an immense amount of river-action, the 
immediate results of which are now masked by the modifications 
produced by subsequent subaérial changes of more limited extent. 
He maintained that the finding of flint implements at various eleva- 
tions only rarely furnished direct evidence of change in the relative 
level of sea and land. 
Mr. Coprrineron, in reply, stated that the gravels were not valley- 
gravels such as those mentioned by Mr. Moore. He did not see how 
glacial action could have spread the gravels over flat tablelands. 
2. On the putative Postion of the Forrst-bup and the Cuti- 
LESFORD Cray in Norroix and Surroix, and on the rat Postrion 
of the Forrst-sEp. By the Rev. Joun Gunn, M.A., F.G.S. 
At a meeting of the Geological Society, held May 20th, 1868, I 
stated, in opposition to the view entertained by Mr. Prestwich of 
the Forest-bed being placed above the Chillesford clay, that I had 
seen it at Easton Bavent, in Suffolk, upon the beach, at a lower 
level than the Chillesford clay in the chff, and also that I had seen 
it at Kessingland and Pakefield, on the beach and at the foot of the 
cliff, underlying the Chillesford clay. 
I have visited these places several times since; and a fall of the 
cliffs and the partial clearing away of the beach at Kessingland 
have exposed the strata in the following ascending order :—The 
Forest-bed on the beach; the freshwater Unio-bed, similar to those 
at Mundesley and Runton; the Fluvio-marine bed; the Marine 
(including the Chillesford clay, both the blue-laminated below and 
the brown-laminated above); the sands and gravels which contain 
the Tellina balthica crag at Wroxham Weybourne; and the Glacial 
Series, which, as it does not enter into the present inquiry, I have 
not particularized. 
The Forest-bed at Kessingland and the adjoining parish of Pake- 
