1870.] NIcHOLSON—LOWER GREEN SLATES AND PORPHYRIES. 601 
daloids, and breccias, with subordinate bands of trap. The lowest beds 
of this series are cleaved felspathic ashes, partly brecciated ; these are 
followed by a very beautiful amygdaloid, composed of a fine-grained 
green felspathic base, with large oval or rounded cavities, mostly 
filled with crystalline carbonate of lime, but often empty, and exhi- 
biting a fine vitreous glaze. Above this amygdaloid come ashes 
and breccias again, of which the ashy bands form a very good fine- 
grained green slate, which is largely worked at Dale Head and in 
the celebrated quarries of Honister Crag. The breccias are cleaved 
and also form a slate, which is sometimes green, sometimes purple 
in colour. Of the subordinate trappean bands one of the most 
noticeable is a fine purple felstone, containing numerous large crys- 
tals of greenish felspar. This great slaty series extends as far as 
the summit of Borrowdale Hawse, and it is the unquestionable equi- 
valent of the breccias and slates which are worked at the entrance 
of Borrowdale. Succeeding these in the §.E. flanks of Seatoller 
Fell is a massive trap, sometimes fine-grained, sometimes porphyritic, 
and very well exposed in the course of Horse Gill. At Seatoller 
itself brecciated ashy beds again succeed to this trap (fig. 1). 
Fig. 1.—Section from Manesty, on the west side of Derwentwater, 
to Seatoller, in Borrowdale. Distance four miles. 
N. Manesty. Hollows. Goat Crag. Castle Crag. Seatoller. S. 
’ : ' 
a. Skiddaw Slates. : 
b. Felspathic trap, forming the base of the Green-slate series. 
c. Great series of ashes, breccias, and amygdaloids, with some intercalated bands 
of trap. 
d. Trap. 
II. Lower portion of the Green-slate Serves on the east side of 
Borrowdale. 
On the eastern side of Derwentwater the relations of the Green 
Slates and Porphyries in their lower portion are by no means so 
clear as in Borrowdale and in the pea Valley, there being 
h folding and apparently several faults. 
aa rae itself the Sladdaw Slates are seen in the bed of the 
Greta, dipping S.S.E. at high angles (fig 2). To the south of this, in 
a little wooded hill called Castle Head, there is a massive greenish 
grey felspathic trap, containing a good deal of hornblende. Pro- 
ceeding along the eastern side of Derwentwater, the next rock which 
is seen in situ is a massive red breccia, which occurs in Great Wood 
at the base of Wallow Crag. This red breccia consists of a dark red 
matrix, containing numerous angular fragments of felspathic ash 
2x2 
