1870.] NICHOLSON—LOWER GREEN SLATES AND PORPHYRIES. 607 
of a mile; and if we take 30° as the average angle of dip, this would 
give a thickness of probably about 2000 feet, making some deduc- 
tion for possible flexures. Throughout this thickness, however, 
there is no well-marked band of slate, and in fact nothing of a slaty 
nature, with the exception of the small ashy beds above alluded to. 
The absence, therefore, of any horizon equivalent to the great slate- 
band of Borrowdale is worthy of notice; and the same obtains further 
to the N.W. in the Caldbeck Fells, of which, indeed, Eycott Hill is 
only a continuation. 
VII. Lower portion of the Green-slate Series between Ulleswater and 
Haweswater. 
The general direction of Ulleswater is N.H. and 8.W., pretty nearly 
corresponding with the strike of the Silurian rocks of the district ; 
and the lower reach, at any rate, is placed in a depression which co- 
incides with a line either of folding or of faulting. This is shown 
by the occurrence of a small area of Skiddaw Slates immediately to 
to the south-east of Pooley, the occurrence of these strata here 
being most probably due to an E.N.E. and W.S.W. fault, but being 
possibly caused by an anticlinal fold. These, in turn, are followed 
to the south-east by the lower members of the Green-slate series. 
In ascending Aik-beck (or Eggbeck), a small stream which flows 
into Ulleswater from the south, close to Pooley, the first rocks exposed 
wm situ are the upper shaly beds of the Skiddaw Slates, somewhat con- 
torted, but having a general dip to the 8.8.E. at high angles (fig. 4), 
The Skiddaw Slates are succeeded by bedded felspathic ashes, not 
more than a few feet in thickness, which graduate upwards into a 
felspathic trap. This trap, when unweathered, consists of a light 
greenish-grey felspathic matrix, containing minute specks of horn- 
blende and scattered crystals of felspar. When weathered it is of a 
brownish-green colour with orange spots. Beds of ashes, with a 
band of grey felspathic trap, succeed, and then a series of coarse 
felspathic ashes, dipping 8.8.E. at 40°. These ashes, with some 
intercalated trappean bands, continue up the stream for a consider- 
able distance, when they are overlain by a thick mass of felspathic 
trap of a greenish-grey colour. This is, in turn, surmounted by an 
ashy conglomerate, composed of a dark-green matrix with numerous 
yellow spots, enclosing many small pebbles, apparently composed of 
trap. This conglomeratic ash passes into beds of coarse ash, which 
continue up the stream as far as any rocks are exposed. 
Beyond the summit of the watershed there are few rock-expo- 
sures; but Arthur’s Pike, an eminence about half a mile to the 
south-west, is found to consist of a cleaved felspathic breccia, of a green 
colour, very similar in every respect to the Borrowdale Slates. 
Whitestone Moor, to the south of this, exhibits no rock zn situ; 
but in the upper part of Heltondale Beck are seen felspathic ashes 
and traps, apparently dipping northwards, and very similar to the 
beds which occupy the higher part of Aik Beck. It would appear, 
therefore, that there is a synclinal axis crossing Whitestone Moor 
in an E.N.E. and W.S.W. direction. 
