672 PROCEEDINGS OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY. [June 22, 
Rink, of Copenhagen (formerly one of the naturalists of the royal 
Danish war-vessel ‘ Galatea,’ in her voyage round the world under 
the command of Admiral Steen-Bille, but, until recently, and for 
many years previously, Royal Inspector of South Greenland), trans- 
lated in the ‘ Journal of the Royal Geographical Society’*, though 
the facts were known long previously to his placing them before 
English geographers in a clear light. Accordingly, thanks to the 
labours of Smith of Jordanhill*, Lyell’, Chambers*, Milne-Home’, 
Darwin’, Fleming’, Murchison®, Peach®, Jamieson”, Ramsay", 
Thomas Brown”, Crosskey'*, Page“, McBain”, Howden”, Jolly”, 
Archibald Geikie*, James Geikie’’, and many other geologists, we are 
in possession of a body of facts which enable us to reason on the 
subject with a degree of certainty which would otherwise have been 
impossible. First, then, it will be necessary to examine in a concise 
manner the subject of the present glaciation of Greenland and other 
Arctic countries, and ice-action generally. 
Previously to doing so, I may say that I have enjoyed oppor- 
tunities of studying ice-action in British Columbia, Washington 
Territory, Oregon, California, &c., and on the Western and Eastern 
shores of Davis Straits and Baffin’s Bay—that I have voyaged over 
the seas of Spitzbergen and Greenland—that I have passed a whole 
Vol. xxiii. p. 145 (1853); Proe. of Soc. vol. vii. p. 76 (1863). 
2 Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vol. vi.; Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural 
History Society, vol. viii.; and ‘ Newer Pliocene Geology.’ 
® Proc. Geol. Soe. vol. iii.; ‘Antiquity of Man;’ ‘Elements’ and ‘ Principles,’ 
&e. Ke. 
+ < Ancient Sea Margins,’ and Edin. New Phil. Journ. 1853 & 1855. 
° *Coal-fields of Mid-Lothian ;’ Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin. vol. xvi. ; 2bid. vol. xxv. 
1869, &e. 
§ Phil. Trans. 1839. 
7 «The Geological Deluge, as interpreted by Baron Cuvier and Prof. Buck- 
land, inconsistent with the testimony of Moses and the Phenomena of Nature ;’ 
‘Lithology of Edinburgh,’ &e. 
8 Brit. Assoc. Rep. vol. xx.; Proc. R.G.S. vol. vii. ‘ Russia in Europe,’ &e. &e. 
° Proceedings of the Royal Physical Society Edin. 1861; Edin. New Phil. 
Journ. n.s. vol. ii. &e. 
10 Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc. vols. xiv. xvi. xvili. xix. and xxiv. 
N Quart. Journ. Geol. Soe. vol. xviii.; ‘ Glaciers of Wales,’ &c. 
” Trans. Roy. Soc. Hdin. vol. xxiv. 
13 Trans.-Geol. Soc. Glasgow, vols. ii. & il. 
14 Various systematic publications, &e. 
15 Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. Edin. 1859-1862. 
16 Proc. Roy. Phys. Soc. and Trans. Geol. Soc. Edin. vol. i. 
17 Trans. Geol. Soc. Edin. vol. i. 
18 «Scenery of Scotland;’ Edin. New Phil. Journ. 1861; Trans. Geol. Soe. 
Glasgow, vols. i. 111. &c. 
19 Trans. Geol. Soc. Glasgow, vol. iii. That this list by no means exhausts 
the names of those who by their writings have advanced the subject, or contains 
all the papers of those mentioned, is self evident. The names of Bald, Imrie, 
Hall, MacCulloch, Dick-Lauder, Trevelyan, J. D. and E. Forbes, Hibbert, Max- 
well, Prestwich, Maclaren, Craig, Landsborough, Mackenzie, Jas. Thomson, 
Nicol, Cumming, Cleghorn, Smith, Miller, Hopkins, Brickenden, Bryce, Martin, 
Hall, Macintosh, Murphy, Lubbock, the Duke of Argyll, and others are familiar 
as having done good service ; but I have only referred to the papers which have 
come immediately before me. 
