ACCENTOR NIPALENSIS, Hod gl 



Nepaul Accentor. 





M 



Accentor Nipalensis, Hodgs. Journ. Asiat. Soc. Beng., vol. xii. p. 958 —lb. in Proc. of Zool. Soc, part xiii. p. 34- 

 Gray, Cat. of Spec, and Draw, of Birds presented to Brit. Mus. by B. H. Hodgson, Esq., p. 71.— 

 Moore in Proc. of Zool Soc. 1854, p. .— Horsf. Cat. of Birds in Mus. East Ind. Comp., vol. i. 

 p. 361.— Gray and Mitch. Gen. of Birds, vol. i. p. 187, Accentor, sp. 3.— Blyth, Cat. of Birds in Mus. 

 Asiat. Soc. of Calcutta, p. 130. 



— Cacharensis, Hodgs. in Proc. of Zool. Soc, part xiii. p. 34. 



— nepalensis, Bonap. Consp. Gen. Av., p. 305. 



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The great Himalayan range is evidently the head-quarters of the x4ccentors, a tribe of birds represented in 

 Europe by the A. alpinus of the continent, and A. modularis, the well-known Hedge Accentor of England. 



The members of this group have been subjected to three subgeneric divisions; the term Accentor 

 being retained for the A. alpinus, with long wings and a short tail, and which appears to be confined to rocky 

 and alpine districts ; while for the British A. modularis, with shorter wings, a longer tail, a more graceful form 

 and more uniform plumage, and which frequents underwood, hedge-rows and humid situations, the term 

 Tharrhaleus, and for the eastern European species, A. montanellus, (a form intermediate between the others,) 

 that of Spermolegus, have been proposed by Dr. Kaup ; but although species of each of these forms are found 

 in the Himalayas, and there seem to be some good reasons for their separation, I prefer retaining them all 

 in the genus Accentor. 



The species here figured, which is a native of Nepaul, is the largest and finest species of the genus yet 

 discovered, and at present is extremely rare in the collections of Europe. 



When speaking of the Indian Accentors generally, Mr. Hodgson states that they are found in the central 

 and northern regions of the hills only, and chiefly in the northern ; that they avoid houses and cultivation ; 

 that they breed on the ground, where they construct a well-compacted saucer-shaped nest of moss ; and 

 that they pass much of their time on the ground, and have an ambulatory structure of the legs and feet. 



The male has the head, nape, sides of the neck and breast olive-brown ; down the centre of the throat a 

 series of white feathers with a black spot at the tip of each, giving it a barred appearance ; upper surface 

 reddish-olive, with a broad streak of black down the centre of each feather, very conspicuous on the centre 

 of the back, but less apparent on the rump ; upper tail-coverts blackish-brown, broadly margined with 

 reddish-olive, fading into greyish on the extreme edge ; wing-coverts and spurious wing black, with a small 

 triangular mark of white at the tip of each feather ; primaries and secondaries blackish-brown, narrowly 

 edged with rufous ; tertiaries similar, but more broadly edged and tipped with rufous ; tail brown, with a 

 large mark at the tip of each feather, which on the three outer ones is white, slightly tinted with buff at the 

 base, and entirely buff on the centre ones ; a small mark of buff is also observable on the tip of the external 

 web ; flanks rich chestnut, some of the feathers slightly margined with greyish-white ; under tail-coverts 

 dark reddish-brown, margined at the base with chestnut, and at the tip with white ; upper mandible black, 

 with a narrow mark of pale yellow at the base of the tomia ; tip of the under mandible pale yellow ; sides 

 and base pale yellow ; legs dull flesh-colour. 



In another state, which may be that of the female, the head, sides of the neck, breast and upper surface 

 are olive-brown, with a streak of dark brown down the centre of each feather, showing most conspicuously on 

 the centre of the back ; the lores and ear-coverts are minutely speckled with greyish-white ; the throat-mark 

 is similar to that of the male, but is not so strongly defined ; the wings and tail are also similar, but the 

 colours are not so bright, blend more into each other, and the chestnut edgings are nearly absent ; and the 

 abdomen is reddish-chestnut. 



The figures are of the natural size. 



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