34 SPHINGIDJE. 



sterile outside their usual habitat. The Convolvulus Hawk- 

 Moth, for instance, appears as a straggler in England, but the 

 females are usually sterile, and the species is thus prevented 

 from becoming resident in England, though the food-plant 

 of its larva grows there freely. 



There is one cosmopolitan species, Celerio lineata, the 

 English Striped Hawk-Moth, with three subspecies in different 

 parts of the world. Herse convolvuli, the English Convolvulus 

 Hawk-Moth, and Hippotion celerio, the English Silver -striped 

 Hawk-Moth, occur practically throughout the Old World. 

 Four Indian genera extend into the Neotropical and Nearctic 

 Regions (America), thirty-four genera into the Palsearctic 

 Region, and twelve genera into the ^Ethiopian Region (Central 

 and South Africa). 



Within the Oriental Region 34 Indian genera are represented 

 in S. China, 33 in Malaya, 23 in the Philippines, 17 in 

 Papuasia, and 15 in Australia. 



In the Indian area the distribution is as follows : — 



West Himalayas : 



62 species, subspecies and forms belonging to 37 genera. 

 East Himalayas : 



135 species, subspecies and forms belonging to 50 genera. 

 South India : 



75 species, subspecies and forms belonging to 27 genera. 

 Ceylon : 



58 species, subspecies and forms belonging to 26 genera. 

 Burma : 



49 species, subspecies and forms belonging to 24 genera. 

 The Andaman Islands : 



22 species, subspecies and forms belonging to 16 genera. 



It will be seen that the E. Himalayas are very rich in both 

 genera and species. The North Kanara District of Southern 

 India, which has been worked intensively, is very rich for 

 its size, with 63 species belonging to 27 genera. Burma 

 has been very little worked, and has probably a much richer 

 fauna than the above figures indicate. 



There are nine genera peculiar to the Indian subregion : 

 Apocalypsis, Pentateucha, Pseudodolbina, Dolbinopsis, Bhodo- 

 prasina, Clanidopsis, Agnosia, Anambulyx and Lepchina, 

 all from the W. or E. Himalayas. Some of the species belonging 

 to these and other Indian genera are very rare and local. 



The distribution of the moths is dependent to some extent on 

 the range of the plant or plants on which their larvae feed, 

 though on account of their wandering habits individuals 

 may be found at a considerable distance from their nearest 

 food-plant. A species cannot, however, become established 

 permanently where there is no plant growing which its larva 



