SPHINGIDJE. 43 



in which the segments resemble those of the $, but the fasci- 

 culate hairs and the pectinations are not so long, and the 

 grooves not so deep. 



" Thorax. — Sterna : parasternum of mesosternum large, 

 epi- and hyposternum fused together, sternum and peri- 

 sternum separate ; suturale of mesosternum swollen. 



" Legs : fore coxa in <$ often with strongly developed scent- 

 organ ; tibise simple or spinose, fore tibia often ending in a 

 thorn or claw ; mid- tibia with two apical spurs, which are 

 sometimes much reduced ; hind tibia with two pairs, or the 

 proximal pair absent ; the spurs occasionally spinose, in a few 

 cases the spines long and arranged in a single row, comb-like ; 

 tarsi with four ventral rows of spines, often with additional 

 spines, especially on outer surface ; not rarely some or many 

 of the spines absent, and some developed to prominent 

 hooks ; fourth row of mid-tarsus and third of hind tarsus 

 often basally developed into a prominent comb ; fifth segment 

 with two (seldom four) long dorsal terminal bristles ; pulvillus 

 present or absent ; paronychium with two pairs or one pair 

 of lobes, or vestigial ; claws simple. 



" Abdomen : first tergite shorter than second, a mere linear 

 strip in Macroglossum, tergites 2 to 8 (<$), or 2 to 7 (2), and 

 sternites 2 to 6 (cJ$), or 2 to 5 (many $$) armed at end with 

 spines, variable in number, size and chitinization, spines of 

 tergites generally stronger than those of sternites, the latter 

 often without spines. Some forms have the tergites spinose 

 all over, while the spines are wanting in others. £ always 

 with tuft of long (scent-distributing) hairs in groove above 

 upper edge of sternite of second segment (sternite of first 

 segment absent, or probably fused with that of second). 



" Genital armature of $ : tenth segment simple or divided, 

 the tergite as well as the sternite, the latter often without 

 process, the segment asymmetrical in several instances. 

 Claspers very variable in size and shape, often with a patch 

 of friction-scales dorsally on outer surface, the number of 

 such scales sometimes reduced to one, in many cases this 

 organ quite absent ; in some Ambulicin^e a corresponding- 

 organ on inner side of eighth tergite. Armature of clasper 

 very variable according to species and genera, sometimes 

 the two sides different. Penis-sheath and penis-funnel 

 also much diversified in the family. Genital armature of 2 : 

 vaginal aperture generally surrounded with ridges, processes 

 or folds, but often lacking special armature, occasionally 

 asymmetrical in position. 



" Wings (fig. 8). — Frenulum and retinaculum present or 

 absent ; an elongate subbasal patch of glossy, modified 

 scales on fore wing below behind SM 2 , on hind wing above 

 before C. Neuration (fig. 8) : fore wing, no areole ; SC 1 

 and SC 2, 3 before apex of cell, SC 2 and SC 3 on a long stalk, 



