LEUCOPHLEBIA. 159 



to a simple point. Colour brownish-ochreous, the head and 

 segments 13 and 14 rusty-red, spiracles and cremaster black. 

 Length 35 mm. ; breadth 9 mm. 



Habits. — Eggs laid singly on both sides of leaves of Sac- 

 charum Linn, (sugar-cane) and other coarse grasses, all of the 

 family Graminea?. The larva lies along the midrib of a leaf 

 or along the stem, and is difficult to detect. Pupation in 

 a cell underground, but the larva frequently fails to pupate 

 after burying itself in the earth, or remains for months in the 

 larval state before pupating, the moth emerging soon after 

 pupation finally takes place. The moth sits with the wings 

 held steeply penthouse -wise, unlike others of the subfamily 

 which (except L. emittens) hold them horizontal. It comes to 

 light freely, but is never caught feeding on flowers, as the 

 tongue is weak and functionless. 



36. Leucophlebia emittens Walk. (PI. II, fig. 16, larva). 



Leucophlebia emittens, Walker, 1866, p. 1858 (Hindostan) ; Hamp- 

 son, 1892, p. 75,; Jordan, 1911, p. 240; Seitz, 1928, p. 537, 

 t.'62 c ; Manson, 1921, pp. 746-747. 



Leucophlebia bicolor, Butler, 1875, p. 16, pi. ii, fig. 5 (Almorah) ; 

 id., 1877 A, p. 595; Moore, 1879 B, p. 7; Butler, 1881 B, p. 11, 

 pi. lxxx, fig. 6 ; Swinhoe, 1886, p. 435 (Mhow). 



Leucophlebia damascena. Butler, 1875, p. 392 (Sikkim) ; id., 1877 A, 

 p. 639 ; id., 1881 B, p. 11, pi. lxxx, fig. 7. 



Imago. — $ $. Diifers from li?ieata in the palpus and frons being 

 pink ; fore wing with the yellow streak broader and extending 

 below the cell ; veins M 1 and R 1 yellow, without fuscous 

 below them ; outer margin of hind wing narrowly pink ; 

 thorax with a narrow tawny streak on vertex. Expanse : 

 S 50-56 mm., $ 60 mm. 



<$. Tenth tergite more abruptly narrowed than in lineata, 

 apex somewhat sinuate ; lobe of sternite broad, shallowly 

 sinuate at the sides and apex, the strongfy rounded apical 

 angles being a little produced distad and laterad, the segment 

 reminding one of that of Clanis euroa. Clasper and harpe 

 essentially as in lineata. 



Hab. W. Himalayas, S. India and Burma. We have bred 

 the species in S. India from the egg to the full-fed larva, but 

 have never succeeded in obtaining a pupa. In S. India the 

 species is found in open grass-land above 1,500 feet elevation 

 and with rainfall not exceeding about 50 inches a 3^ear. In 

 some seasons the caterpillars appear in immense numbers 

 in the down-like country round Belgaum, east of the Western 

 Ghats, and do great damage to the grass -crop. It is rare on 

 the coast, and also in some seasons round Belgaum. 



Egg. — Elongate -ovoid ; surface smooth and shining ; colour 

 green. 



