162 SPHJNGIDiE 



•Joint between palpal segments 1 and 2 not open ; palpus 

 smaller in $ than in <$. Antennae grooved in both species. 

 Spurs not spinose. Distal margin of fore wing more or less 

 scalloped or uneven, no black dot at base ; cross-veins of 

 hind wing very oblique, lower angle of cell acute. Abdominal 

 tergites with weak spines all over, the spines denser and 

 stronger at the apical margins. Penis-sheath without armature, 

 clasper and eighth tergite without friction-scales " (Roths. & 

 .Jord., 1903, p. 236). 



Egg. — Broadly ovoid, surface smooth and shining, colour 

 green. Length 3 mm. ; breadth 2-5 mm. ; height 2 mm. 



Larva. — Head large, round in 1st instar, triangular with 

 apical processes in 2nd to 5th instars, rounded -triangular in 

 final instar ; body stout ; horn straight or down -curved. 

 Surface covered with pointed tubercles, and a dor so -lateral 

 line of larger tubercles from segment 2 to horn. Colour green, 

 with some individuals developing red-brown or purple-brown 

 patches. 



Pupa. — Of ordinary sphingid shape, surface smooth and 

 shining ; tongue much shorter, and antenna slightly shorter 

 than fore leg ; a coxal piece and ante-spiracular ridges present ; 

 colour chestnut. 



Habits. — The food-plants belong to the family Boraginese. 

 The young larva eats the egg-shell, and then makes its first 

 change of skin before eating any of the food-plant. Pupation 

 in a cell underground. The moths seldom come to light and 

 we have never seen them feeding. 



Hab. Aethiopian and Oriental Regions ; six Indian species 

 and subspecies are known. 



Key to the Species. 



Imagines. 



1. Post-discal line of fore wing straight P. dentatus (Cramer), 



Post-discal line of fore wing curved distad [p. 169. 



behind R 2 2. 



2. Dentate line between two outer lines of fore 



wing obscure or absent 3. 



Dentate line distinct 5. 



3. Body and wings pale with grey bloom .... 4. [p. 163. 



4. Anal tergite short P. t. sonanthis Jordan, 



Anal tergite long P. t. trilineatus Moore, 



.5. Body and wings cinnamon -isabella or [p. 167. 



cinereous-grey ; distal margin of fore wing [Jord., p. 163. 



not scalloped, convex in middle P. I. luteatus Roths. & 



Body and wings olive mummy-brown with 



a pinkish flush 6. 



6. Apical teeth of harpe very unequal in [Jord., p. 168. 



length P. t. undatus Roths. & 



Apical teeth almost of equal length P.t. mincopicus Jordan, 



[p. 168. 



