170 SPHINGIDiE. 



fused together as in trilineatus. Penis-sheath less stout than 

 in trilineatus, bearing a very long and slender apical process 

 directed frontad but movable to some extent at the junction 

 with the sheath. 



$. Antennal segments less deeply grooved than in tri- 

 lineatus. The eighth tergite (fig. 33 1) of the abdomen 

 trilobate, the middle lobe, however, remarkably different 

 from that of trilineatus ; the orifice postmedian ; before it 

 the plate is convex, raised at orifice into a thick, rather glossy 

 ridge, convex mesially, forming a short mesial lobe ; this 

 ridge visible without dissection after the removal of the 

 scales at the edge of the seventh sternite ; the post -vaginal 

 plate not strongly chitinized, sunken, triangular. 



Hob. S. India, and as far north as Allahabad ; Unjted 

 Provinces ; Ceylon ; China. We have bred the species 

 in S. India and at Allahabad. Common in open country 

 with rainfall below about 50 inches. 



Larva : — 



1st instar. Head round, body cylindrical, long and thin : 

 horn short, straight, bifid ; head and body pale green, horn 

 darker green. 2nd instar. Head large, triangular, with a long 

 pointed process rising from the vertex of each lobe, the two 

 processes closely appressed to near the tips, which are shortly 

 bifid ; body cylindrical, long and thin ; horn long, straight, 

 tapering to a simple point ; surface smooth except for the 

 head-processes and the horn, which are tuberculate ; the colour 

 of the head pale green, the processes from their tips to the nape 

 of the neck brown with black tubercles ; the body yellowish- 

 green with quadrate black patch on the dorsum of segment 2 

 and V-shaped, pale brown markings on the dorsum of 4 to 12, 

 the apex of the V pointing frontad ; horn brown with black 

 tubercles. Zrd instar. Shape as in the 2nd instar, head 

 processes as long as the head itself ; surface of head with 

 small tubercles, and of body with a transverse row of small 

 tubercles on each secondary ring ; a subdorsal line of large 

 pointed tubercles from the front margin of segment 2 to base 

 of horn ; tubercles on head-processes and horn as in 2nd instar ; 

 colour as in the 2nd instar, but the tubercles on head and body 

 white ; a broad yellow subdorsal stripe on which the sub- 

 dorsal line of tubercles lies ; seven pale green oblique stripes 

 edged above with darker green, the brown V-shaped markings 

 forming backward extensions to the oblique stripes ; horn as 

 in the second instar ; legs reddish. Mh instar. The same as 

 in the 3rd instar except that the head and segment 2 are pale 

 green, rest of body apple-green ; head-processes darker green 

 with reddish tubercles ; the tubercles on body reddish above 

 the spiracular line, white below it ; there is sometimes a brown 

 patch on each side of 12 between the base of the horn and the 



