LANGIA. 195 



fore wing dentate ; D 2 (upper discocellular) of hind wing- 

 curved, sending a long spur into cell, R 2 (vein 5) below centre 

 of cell ; frenulum and retinaculum present. No organ of 

 friction on clasper " (Roths. & Jord., 1903, p. 291). 



Hab. W. and E. Himalayas to Japan. One Indian sub- 

 species. Early stages described under that subspecies. 



50. Langia zenzeroides zenzeroides Moore. (Fig. 43 A-D, 



genitalia; fig. 44, imago; PI. Ill, fig. 4, larva, fig. 5, 

 pupa ; PL VII, fig. 10, imago). 



Langia zenzeroides, Moore, 1872, p. 567 (Kotghur, N.W. India) ; 



Cotes & Swinhoe, 1887, p. 25 (Simla, Sikkim) ; Hampson, 1892, 



p. 73, fig. 45 ; Dudgeon, 1898, p. 407 (Sikkim, 5,000 feet). 

 Langia zenzeroides zenzeroides Roths. & Jord., 1903, p. 292 ; Seitz, 



1928, p. 540 ; Scott, 1931, pi. i, fig. 6. 

 Langia khasiana, Moore, 1872, p. 568 (Khasi Hills). 

 Langia zenzeroides (!), Gott, 1877, p. 116 (larva hissing, on apricot ; 



imago squeaking). 



Imago. — <£$. Head pale ; vertex of thorax leaden, with 

 some ochreous lines, the sides dark brown ; metathorax 

 and abdomen covered with light and dark brown spatulate 

 scales. Fore wing with the costal area leaden-grey, whitish 

 below cell, dark grey towards inner and outer margins ; three 

 very oblique dark fines from apex to near centre of inner 

 margin ; a whitish submarginal line ; outer margin with light 

 and dark lunules in the crenulations. Hind wing brown, 

 with some dark brown and whitish lines near anal angle ; 

 a marginal dark line ; cilia whitish towards anal angle. 

 Expanse : <$ 112-152 mm., ? 120-152 mm. 



cJ. Tenth abdominal tergite bilobate (fig. 43 A) ; sternite 

 broadly divided into two processes. Clasper long (fig. 43 B), 

 narrowed to apex, dorsally reduced in width, hence a wide 

 gap between it and the supra-anal plate, ventro-apical margin 

 turned inward ; harpe (fig. 43 C) produced into a long, hori- 

 zontal ventral process, sinuate and lobate at end ; the process 

 visible without dissection. Penis-sheath (fig. 43 D) irregularly 

 compressed, very stout, armed at end with a long strong- 

 hook which curves ventrad. 



$. Anterior part of vaginal plate strongly chitinized, 

 raised into a transverse, slightly undulate ridge in front of 

 the large vaginal cavity ; post -vaginal part of plate also pro- 

 jecting distad, rounded, more or less membranaceous, except 

 at the edge. 



Hab. W. and E. Himalayas and S. China. We have bred it 

 in the W. and E. Himalayas. Very common in orchards in the 

 Khasi Hills, where it causes much damage by defoliating the 

 fruit-trees. 



