DETLEPHILA. 271 



Pupa. — Broadly rounded in front, the shoulders not promi- 

 nent ; segments 13 and 14 form together a short cone ; an- 

 tenna slightly shorter than fore leg, which reaches to middle 

 of wing-case, mid-leg reaching to three-quarters of the wing- 

 case ; a long, narrow coxal piece. Surface shining, head, thorax 

 and wing-cases smooth, abdomen coarsely pitted on dorsum, 

 the pits forming irregular lines, venter transversely creased, 

 segments 12 to 14 closely pitted all over. Spiracle of 2 a slit, 

 with the front margin of 3 raised into a ridge behind it ; 

 remaining spiracles oval, convex, the central slit with raised 

 edges. Cremaster short, thin, conical, ending in two short 

 teeth, the surface rugose. Colour of head, thorax, wing- 

 cases and sides and venter of abdomen dull orange ; dorsum 

 of abdomen reddish-brown speckled with black ; a narrow 

 black stripe starting from the frons and running to the tip 

 of the tongue, and a broader black dorsal stripe on segments 

 2 to 4 ; spiracles black, lying in large black patches ; cremaster 

 black. Length 60 mm. ; breadth 13 mm. 



Habits. — Food-plants : Nerium odorum Soland., Holar- 

 rhena antedysenterica Wall., Ervatamia heyneana Wall., Vinca 

 rosea Linn., Taberneemontana coronaria Willd., and other 

 plants of the family Apocynacea?. In the earlier instars the 

 larva turns the head round to one side when disturbed, in later 

 instars it bends the head downwards and puffs out segment 4 

 so as to expand the ocelli. The body becomes suffused 

 with brown dorsally and yellow ventrally before pupation. 

 The pupa is free in the cocoon, and moves the abdominal 

 segments when touched. The beautiful moth comes to light 

 freely, and may also be seen feeding at flowers shortly after 

 dark. Captive specimens pair without difficulty. Eggs and 

 larvae can be found at any time of the year in places lvhere 

 the nights are not very cold. 



79. Deilephila hypothous hypothous (Cram). (Fig. 68 F, G, 

 genitalia ; PL XIV, fig. 8, larva). 



Sphinx hypothous, Cramer, 17S0, p. 165, pi. cclxxxv, fig. D (Am- 



boina). 

 Darapsa hypothous, Moore, 1867, p. 676 (Calcutta ; larva and pupa). 

 Dcphnis hypothous, Moore, 1882, p. 15, pi. lxxxiii, figs. 3,1a 



(1., p., i.) ; Cotes & Swinhoe, 1887, p. 21 (Sikkim ; Sibsager ; 



Calcutta ; Ceylon ; Andamans) ; id., 1889, p. 727 (Andamans) ; 



Hampson, 1892, p. 95 ; Dudgeon, 1898, p. 415 (Sikkim & Bhutan, 



up to 6,000 ft.). 

 Deilephila hypothous hypothous, Roths. & Jord., 1903, p. 57C ; 



Mell, 1922, p. 210, pi. vii, figs. 1, 2, pi. xviii, fig. 2. pi. xxviii, 



fig. 1 (larva), 2 (imago), pi. xiii, fig. 22, pi. xvii, figs. 36, 37 



(pupa) ; Seitz, 1929, p. 547, t. 63 a. 



Imago. — ^$. Differs from nerii in the head and collar of 

 thorax being uniformly dark purplish-brown ; thorax and first 



