290 sphingimj. 



short ones pale, rather weak, the long ones stronger. Mid- 

 coxal merum rounded behind ; long spurs twice the length 

 of the short ones ; mid-tarsus with comb, spines of same not 

 long ; hind tibia heavily scaled. Fore wing sinuate between 

 SC 4 and SC 5 . 



" $. Prsecoxal scent-organ vestigial. Sexual armature not 

 very different in the various species, that of anceus being the 

 best characterized (in both sexes). Tenth tergite simple, 

 long, slender, slightly curved ; sternite shorter, broader, 

 somewhat boat-shaped, with the apex always sinuate. Clasper 

 large, sole -shaped, with three or four rows of large friction- 

 scales ; harpe dilated at end, the dilated part armed with 

 spine-like teeth which are directed upwards. Penis-sheath 

 with a dentate lobe at left side, continuous with a slender, 

 acute process at right side. 



" $. Vaginal plate suddenly narrowed distally ; orifice 

 transverse, postmedian, sometimes covered by a bilobate 

 ridge. Eighth tergite deeply sinuate, separate from sternite " 

 (Roths. & Jord., 1903, p. 526). 



Egg. — Broadly ovoid, surface smooth and shining, colour 

 green. 



Larva. — Head small, body tapering sharply frontad from 

 segment 5, segments 4 and 5 with ventro- lateral flanges ; horn 

 of medium length, sharply down-curved. Colour green or 

 reddish, with a pale subdorsal stripe, and an ocellus-like 

 marking round the spiracle of 5. 



Pupa. — Head round, no frontal tubercles (the statement on 

 p. 527 of the w Revision' being incorrect) ; segments 12, 13 and 

 14 together form a hemisphere, the base of which fits into 

 the deeply undercut hind margin of 11. Cremaster ending 

 in a bifid spike or shaft. 



Habits. — Eggs laid singly on food-plants of the families 

 Ampelideae, Ternstrcemiaceae and Dilleniacese. In the earlier 

 instars the larva often rests with the head and anterior seg- 

 ments curved upwards and backwards, with the flanges 

 expanded. When molested the head and anterior segments 

 are strongly retracted into segment 5 and the flanges dilated, 

 the body being twisted so as to present the ventral surface 

 to the enemy, and then swayed from side to side in a snake - 

 like manner. The dorsum becomes suffused with reddish 

 before pupation, which takes place in a rough cocoon on the 

 surface. The moth rests with the wings held slightly below, 

 or at, the horizontal, the abdomen bent upwards. 



Hab. Oriental Region from India to China, Japan and 

 Australia. Five Indian species and subspecies. 



