428 sphingid^. 



chestnut with at least one dark line from apex to inner margin ; 

 hind wing dusky or red. The wings are narrow and sharply 

 pointed, and the abdomen sharply pointed. 



Egg. — Broadly ovoid ; surface smooth and shining ; colour 

 green or whitish. Length about 2 mm. 



Larva. — Head small and round ; body tapering sharply 

 frontad from segment 5, which is swollen ; rest of body 

 nearly cylindrical ; horn of medium length, down-curved or 

 straight, short in pinastrina. Surface dull and smooth. 

 Colour green or brown, with one or more dorso-lateral ocelli, 

 in lycetus with nine ocelli ; a dorso-lateral stripe, but oblique 

 stripes absent or not clearly defined. 



Pupa — Tongue-sheath projecting frontad and ventrad, 

 sometimes much projecting frontad ; a coxal piece always 

 present. Surface moderately shining, and smooth or somewhat 

 rugose ; ante-spiracular ridges usually present. Cremaster 

 usually well developed and bifid, without hooks or spines 

 except at tip. Colour yellowish or brownish, mottled, speckled 

 and striped with contrasting colours. 



Habits. — Food-plants varied, but often belong to the 

 families Ampelidese and Aroidese. Habits the same as others 

 of the subfamily. 



Hab. Oriental and ^Ethiopian Regions, a few species north- 

 wards to Japan, two ranging to the Caspian Sea and Con- 

 stantinople respectively. Fifteen Indian species and sub- 

 species. 



Key to the Species. 

 Imagines. 



1 . Fore wing chestnut or reddish-brown ; 



lines more or less erect 2. 



Fore wing not so ; generally pale brown, 

 lines oblique 3. 



2. Costa and stigma of fore wing buffish- 



white ; hind wing bright pink ; thorax [p. 455. 



with a white dorsal and lateral stripe. . . T.pallicosta (Walk.), 

 Costa very narrowly white, no white 

 stigma ; hind wing dusky ; thorax with- [p. 459. 



out dorsal stripe T. castanea (Moore), 



3. Hind wing red 4. 



Hind wing not red, dusky 6. 



4. Thorax and abdomen with greyish dorsal 



stripe ; abdomen without black side- [p. 444. 



patch T. suffusa (Walk.), 



Thorax and abdomen without dorsal stripe; 

 abdomen with black side-patch on first 

 segment 5. 



5. Hind wing underside unicolorous except [p. 440. 



for the marginal band T. a. alecto (Linn.), 



Hind wing underside with basal half wood- [p. 443. 



brown T. mansoni Clark, 



6. Very large ; thorax and abdomen green, 



abdomen with sides golden ; costa of [p. 430. 



fore wing green T. nessus (Drury), 



