OCCURRING IK THE VARIOUS STRATA. 7 



gitudinal sections, which will be found among the plates of the present 

 work. 



At Lennel Braes in Berwickshire, fossil vegetables containing woody 

 cellular structure are to be met with in the greatest abundance. Many of 

 these plants appear to me to differ materially from the true Coniferae, some 

 containing pith of much greater extent than is to be observed in either the 

 stems or branches of any recent species of pine ; and although, in the hori- 

 zontal section, presenting a regular system of apertures similar to those of 

 pines, yet, in their longitudinal sections, exhibiting appearances differing in 

 several essential respects. 



Numerous beautiful remains of stems of similar plants are found at 

 Tweed Mill, on the north bank of that river. At High Heworth, Fel- 

 lon, Gateshead, and Wideopen, near Newcastle-upon-Tyne, large trunks 

 have also been found. One discovered at the last-named place measured 

 seventy-two feet in length. 



At Allen Bank in Berwickshire, we find shale exposed, containing large 

 quantities of stems of fossil trees, many of which seem to have decayed, 

 and to have subsequently been filled with fragments of various vegetables. 



To the west of the city of Durham, in a place which I have lately had 

 an opportunity of examining, many plants resembling Coniferaa are found 

 in great profusion, not only in situ, but lying scattered about in the fields, 

 and in the various streams and rills that intersect this portion of the coun- 

 try. The quarry which has afforded the greatest number of these fossils, 

 is situated near Ushaw College, five miles west of Durham, and lies near 

 the Brass Thill seam mentioned by Mr Buddell, in the Transactions for 

 1831 of the Newcastle Natural History Society. 



In the roof of the Bensham coal-seam at Jarrow Colliery, upon the 

 river Tyne, many specimens are found having an appearance very similar 

 to that of the young shoots of the genus Pinus, and which M. A. Brong- 

 niart names Lepidostrobus ornatus, considering them as cones, the scales 

 of which are terminated by rhomboidal disks imbricated from above down- 

 wards. 



If, therefore, the argument that the combustible beds of our coal-fields 



