FOUND AT LENNEL BRAES AND ALLANBANK MILL. 17 
inclination may probably be attributed to the immediate vicinity of a 
whin dyke running a few yards to the north. In the direction of south 
65 east (about four or five hundred yards west), this dyke has been worked to 
the width of twenty-seven yards. Whether this is its regular thickness, or an 
overflow at this pot, could not be ascertained, as the quarry does not ex- 
tend more than four or five feet below the surface. The sandstone in the 
eastern quarry shows igneous phenomena in a striking degree. Another 
quarry, of very red sandstone, is worked on the side of the hill south of 
Greenlaw. Close to the bridge over the Blackadder, at the west end of 
Greenlaw, a bed of red sandstone 12 feet thick, is seen rising 14° in the 
direction of north 65 east. 
Again, at Allanbank Mill, near the junction of the Whitadder and 
Blackadder, are found numbers of stems of apparently phanerogamic woods ; 
also Sigillarie, epidodendra, and leaves of Ferns. This locality is about se- 
ven miles from Lennel Braes. There appears no reason to doubt, that, were 
the shales of this district properly examined, abundance of these ancient fos- 
sil plants might be found. This, I trust, will encourage gentlemen living 
in the neighbourhood of other mountain limestone groups, to pay attention 
to their shale deposits. 
The walls in the neighbourhood of Polwarth are built of red sandstone 
conglomerate from Leases quarry, about three quarters of a mile to the west 
of this village. Immediately below the bridge crossing Langton burn, on 
the road between Polwarth and Dunse, a bed of yellow sandstone, four feet 
in thickness, is underlaid by a bed of shale four feet thick, containing layers 
of ironstone from six to eight inches, all rising about 22° to the north. It 
appears more than probable that these are members of the mountain lime- 
stone series, cropping from under the red sandstone, which forms the hills 
behind them to the south. 
At St Helen’s, two miles east from Dunse, beds of shivery sandstone 
and shale, nearly horizontal, containing nodules of ironstone, occur. The 
shale also occurs extensively on the banks of the Blackadder, twelve miles 
from Berwick, on the Paxton road, and is repeatedly seen basseting out 
farther east on the bank of the said river. 
